Nutritional status assessment of Minodar residence in Qazvin city, Iran: vitamin D deficiency in sunshine country, a public health issue.

BACKGROUND

Nutrition has main effect on health or disease and results of nutrition assessment can be used in health planning of communities. Therefore we aimed to conduct the nutrition assessment especially vitamin D statue of an urban region in Qazvin city.

METHODS

In a cross sectional study in year 2011, subjects who were randomly selected from residents of aged ≥ 20 years old in Minodar, an urban region of Qazvin city participated in this study. A 3-days food diary questionnaire was used to collect food consumption data and weight and height of subjects were measured. The food intake was analysis using "Nutrition 4, Diet analysis, Module version 3.5.2".

RESULTS

The participants included 930 subjects (434 M and 496 F) having Mean BMI = 26 ± 4.4 kg/m2 and 60% of subjects were either overweight or obese. Daily energy intake of 50% of subjects was more than 2500 (13.6% from proteins, 55.6% from carbohydrate and 30.5% from fat sources). The daily cholesterol intake among 50-75% of population was more than daily recommended of 300 mg. The mean iron and zinc intakes were 17±5.6 and 12±4.5 mg/day and the intakes were highest in aged group of 20-29, while reduced in older groups. Vitamin A deficiency was observed in studied population and 75% of them were receiving less than daily recommended allowance of 800 μg/day, 25% of total studied population was receiving less than 400 μg/day. Vitamin D ingestion among 90-95% of participants was less than minimum daily recommended amount of 10 μg/day and calcium intake in 50-75% of studied population was less than recommended daily allowance of 800 mg/day. High amount of florid and caffeine ingestion from black tea was observed among population and 75% of population had florid intake of 10000 mμ/day.

CONCLUSIONS

In general, majority of the population of region had higher amount intake of fat, cholesterol, low intake of calcium and vitamin D.