Successful Management of a Giant Anterior Sacral Meningocele Associated with Low-Dysplastic Spondylolisthesis from a Single Posterior Approach: Case Report.

Anterior sacral meningocele (ASM) is characterized by a herniation of the dural sac through a bony defect of the anterior sacral wall. Symptoms of ASMs are usually directly related to their mass effect on the adjacent pelvic structures, often causing chronic constipation and urinary disturbances. The low-dysplastic spondylolisthesis results from congenital abnormalities of the upper sacral facets or the neural arch of L5. Its symptoms are related to neural compression and/or segmental instability. The main aim of this case report is to present a patient who underwent surgery for low dysplastic spondylolisthesis combined with an ASM that were both considered symptomatic.A 23-year-old male patient, with no medical history, no signs of neurologic deficit was admitted for lower back pain and irritation, numbness and paresthesia in the L5 dermatomes bilaterally, together with alternating constipation and diarrhea with no response to conservative treatment. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine and pelvis showing a large retroperitoneal mass with fluid contend causing compression and displacement of the pelvic structures, in particular the bladder and the colon and there was also a low-dysplastic spondylolisthesis of L5/S1 with pressure on both L5 nerve roots. Surgery was done in one session purely from a posterior approach with no complications.In the present case, we have demonstrated the suitability of a standard midline posterior approach in the treatment not only for ASM itself, but also for a low-dysplastic spondylolisthesis in 1 session.