Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome presenting as an isolated primary intraventricular hemorrhage

Background: Primary intraventricular hemorrhage is an uncommon cause of stroke and is often associated with longstanding, uncontrolled hypertension. Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction is also an uncommon condition characterized by reversible constriction of intracerebral vessels, which can lead to ischemic or hemorrhagic strokes.

Case presentation: We describe a case of isolated primary intraventricular hemorrhage secondary to reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome triggered by pseudoephedrine.

Conclusions: Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome is a rare cause of primary intraventricular hemorrhage and should be considered in the differential in angiography-negative IVH when there is a history of vasoactive substance use.

Keywords: Primary intraventricular hemorrhage; Pseudoephedrine; Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome.