alkaloid/رشاد الصخر

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Development of transcriptomic resources for interrogating the biosynthesis of monoterpene indole alkaloids in medicinal plant species.

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The natural diversity of plant metabolism has long been a source for human medicines. One group of plant-derived compounds, the monoterpene indole alkaloids (MIAs), includes well-documented therapeutic agents used in the treatment of cancer (vinblastine, vincristine, camptothecin), hypertension

Molecular cloning and characterization of tetrahydroprotoberberine cis-N-methyltransferase, an enzyme involved in alkaloid biosynthesis in opium poppy.

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S-Adenosyl-l-methionine:tetrahydroprotoberberine cis-N-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.122) catalyzes the conversion of (S)-stylopine to the quaternary ammonium alkaloid, (S)-cis-N-methylstylopine, as a key step in the biosynthesis of protopine and benzophenanthridine alkaloids in plants. A full-length

Mining of the Uncharacterized Cytochrome P450 Genes Involved in Alkaloid Biosynthesis in California Poppy Using a Draft Genome Sequence.

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Land plants produce specialized low molecular weight metabolites to adapt to various environmental stressors, such as UV radiation, pathogen infection, wounding and animal feeding damage. Due to the large variety of stresses, plants produce various chemicals, particularly plant species-specific

Transcription factor Agamous-like 12 from Arabidopsis promotes tissue-like organization and alkaloid biosynthesis in Catharanthus roseus suspension cells.

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In Catharanthus roseus, monomeric terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs) are biosynthesized in specific tissues, particularly in roots, but failed to be produced by in vitro undifferentiated suspension cells. In this paper, we describe the impact of the root-specific MADS-box transcription factor

A natural indole alkaloid, norharmane, affects PIN expression patterns and compromises root growth in Arabidopsis thaliana.

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Norharmane is an indole alkaloid that can be found in several terrestrial plants, as well as in some dinoflagellates and cyanobacteria. The aim of this study was to focus on the way this metabolite impacts the plant metabolism of the model species Arabidopsis thaliana. This metabolite caused

Molecular Evolution and Functional Characterization of a Bifunctional Decarboxylase Involved in Lycopodium Alkaloid Biosynthesis.

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Lycopodium alkaloids (LAs) are derived from lysine (Lys) and are found mainly in Huperziaceae and Lycopodiaceae. LAs are potentially useful against Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and myasthenia gravis. Here, we cloned the bifunctional lysine/ornithine decarboxylase (L/ODC), the first gene

Evolution of the key alkaloid enzyme putrescine N-methyltransferase from spermidine synthase.

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Putrescine N-methyltransferases (PMTs) are the first specific enzymes of the biosynthesis of nicotine and tropane alkaloids. PMTs transfer a methyl group onto the diamine putrescine from S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM) as coenzyme. PMT proteins have presumably evolved from spermidine synthases

Molecular cloning and characterization of norcoclaurine synthase, an enzyme catalyzing the first committed step in benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis.

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(S)-Norcoclaurine synthase (NCS) (EC 4.2.1.78) catalyzes the condensation of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine (dopamine) and 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (4-HPAA) as the first committed step in the biosynthesis of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids such as morphine, sanguinarine, and berberine, in plants. A

Lysine decarboxylase catalyzes the first step of quinolizidine alkaloid biosynthesis and coevolved with alkaloid production in leguminosae.

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Lysine decarboxylase (LDC) catalyzes the first-step in the biosynthetic pathway of quinolizidine alkaloids (QAs), which form a distinct, large family of plant alkaloids. A cDNA of lysine/ornithine decarboxylase (L/ODC) was isolated by differential transcript screening in QA-producing and

Different expression of an S-adenosylmethionine synthetase gene in transgenic tobacco callus modifies alkaloid biosynthesis.

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Transformed callus cultures of Nicotiana tabacum were generated in which the SAM-1 gene from Arabidopsis thaliana encoding S-adenosylmethionine synthetase (SAM-S), under the control of the 35S promoter, had been integrated. The presence of the SAM-1 gene was detected in all tested transformants and

The isoquinoline alkaloid sanguinarine which inhibits chaperone activity enhances the production of heat shock proteins in Arabidopsis.

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Sanguinarine is an isoquinoline alkaloid produced by Papaveraceae plants. Because sanguinarine has antimicrobial activity, it is believed to be related to the plants' chemical defense systems. However, its action against plants has not been well understood. A previous study reported that among 12

Can Arabidopsis make complex alkaloids?

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Analyses of Catharanthus roseus and Arabidopsis thaliana WRKY transcription factors reveal involvement in jasmonate signaling.

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BACKGROUND To combat infection to biotic stress plants elicit the biosynthesis of numerous natural products, many of which are valuable pharmaceutical compounds. Jasmonate is a central regulator of defense response to pathogens and accumulation of specialized metabolites. Catharanthus roseus

Plant purine nucleoside catabolism employs a guanosine deaminase required for the generation of xanthosine in Arabidopsis.

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Purine nucleotide catabolism is common to most organisms and involves a guanine deaminase to convert guanine to xanthine in animals, invertebrates, and microorganisms. Using metabolomic analysis of mutants, we demonstrate that Arabidopsis thaliana uses an alternative catabolic route employing a

Detection of phytochrome-like genes from Rhazya stricta (Apocynaceae) using de novo genome assembly.

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Phytochrome-like genes in the wild plant species Rhazya stricta Decne were characterized using a de novo genome assembly of next generation sequence data. Rhazya stricta contains more than 100 alkaloids with multiple pharmacological properties, and leaf extracts have been used to cure chronic

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