anencephaly/سمنة

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Is maternal obesity a risk factor for anencephaly and spina bifida?

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To determine whether the risk of having an infant with anencephaly or spina bifida is greater among obese women than among average-weight women, we compared 307 Atlanta-area women who gave birth to a liveborn or stillborn infant with anencephaly or spina bifida (case group) with 2,755 Atlanta-area

Spina bifida phenotypes in infants or fetuses of obese mothers.

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BACKGROUND A twofold or greater risk of neural tube defect (NTD)-affected pregnancy has been associated with prepregnant obesity, where obesity was defined as body mass index (BMI) of >29 kg/m(2). Risks have been more elevated for spina bifida than for anencephaly. METHODS We investigated whether

Maternal overweight and obesity and the risk of neural tube defects: a case-control study in China.

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BACKGROUND Studies have suggested that being obese before pregnancy is a risk factor for neural tube defects (NTDs), while results of many studies are controversial. This study aims to explore the association between maternal overweight and obesity before pregnancy and risk of NTDs. METHODS A 1:1

Risk of neural tube defect-affected pregnancies among obese women.

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OBJECTIVE To investigate the risk for neural tube defect (NTD)-affected pregnancies among obese women (ie, women with a body mass index [BMI] > 29kg/m2) compared with women of average prepregnancy weight. METHODS Population-based case-control study. METHODS All hospitals in 55 of 58 counties in

Prepregnant obesity and risks of selected birth defects in offspring.

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BACKGROUND Prepregnant obesity has been shown to be related to several birth defects, most notably neural tube defects. We investigated the previously observed association between obesity and spina bifida and also possible associations between obesity and other birth defects. RESULTS We conducted a

Maternal obesity, gestational diabetes, and central nervous system birth defects.

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BACKGROUND Maternal obesity and diabetes are both associated with increased risk of congenital central nervous system (CNS) malformations in the offspring and may share a common underlying mechanism. Our objective was to evaluate whether gestational diabetes influenced the association of

Effects of hyperinsulinemia and obesity on risk of neural tube defects among Mexican Americans.

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Although both maternal obesity and diabetes mellitus increase the risk for neural tube defects, it is unknown whether they are independent risk factors or manifestations of an underlying prediabetic state such as hyperinsulinemia. We investigated whether hyperinsulinemia was a risk factor for neural

Novel Mode of Defective Neural Tube Closure in the Non-Obese Diabetic (NOD) Mouse Strain.

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Failure to close the neural tube results in birth defects, with severity ranging from spina bifida to lethal anencephaly. Few genetic risk factors for neural tube defects are known in humans, highlighting the critical role of environmental risk factors, such as maternal diabetes. Yet, it is not well

Association between maternal single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes regulating glucose metabolism and risk for neural tube defects in offspring.

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BACKGROUND Maternal pregestational hyperglycemia, diabetes, and obesity are well-established risk factors for neural tube defects (NTDs). As a common underlying mechanism, the imbalance of glucose homeostasis is directly related to the development of NTDs. Polymorphisms in genes regulating glucose

[Pre- and Postnatal Diagnosis of Congenital Central Nervous System Anomalies in Iceland in 1992-2016].

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The incidence of congenital anomalies of the central nervous system (CNS) in Iceland during 1992-2016 was examined along with timing of diagnosis, maternal residence, known risk factors and perinatal outcomes.This was a retrospective study of all fe-tuses

Maternal prepregnancy body mass index and risk of neural tube defects: A population-based case-control study in Shanxi province, China.

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BACKGROUND Many studies from the Western world have indicated that maternal obesity is associated with an increased risk of neural tube defects (NTDs). However, few reports have been available on this association from Asian populations. Our aim was to examine the relationship between maternal

Estimation of the preventable proportion of congenital anomalies by selected risk factors in mothers: A case study in Iran.

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Background: Worldwide, 1-6 percent of infants have at least one congenital anomaly that can lead to long-term consequences. This may have significant impacts on individuals, families, health-care systems, and societies. The aim of this study was to estimate the Population Attributable

Proportion of neural tube defects attributable to known risk factors.

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BACKGROUND Recognized risk factors for neural tube defects (NTDs) poorly predict population-level NTD risk. However, the proportion of NTDs that can be attributed to these risk factors is uncertain. METHODS To determine the proportion of NTD cases that is attributable to known or suspected risk

Risk factors, organ weight deviation and associated anomalies in neural tube defects: A prospective fetal and perinatal autopsy series.

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BACKGROUND Neural tube defects (NTD) are a group of serious birth defects occurring due to defective closure of neural tube during embryonic development. It comprises of anencephaly, encephalocele and spina bifida. We conducted this prospective fetal autopsy series to study the rate and distribution

Diarrhea: a new risk factor for neural tube defects?

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BACKGROUND Neural tube defects (NTDs) affect approximately 4000 US pregnancies annually. Folic acid supplementation taken before conception protects against the occurrence of NTDs. Adequate levels of vitamin B12 also appear to play a significant role. Gastrointestinal disturbances, such as those

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