arachidonate/ضمور

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Arachidonate and NADPH oxidase synergise with iNOS to induce death in macrophages: mechanisms of inflammatory degeneration.

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Inflammation contributes to many pathologies, but the mechanisms by which inflammation induces cell death are unclear. We investigated interactions between inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), phagocytic NADPH oxidase (PHOX) and arachidonate in inducing cell death in a J774 macrophage cell line.

Effects of polyunsaturated fatty acid diets on plasma lipids of patients with adrenomultineuronal degeneration, hepatosplenomegaly and fatty acid derangement.

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The effect on plasma fatty acid composition of 3-6 weeks feeding of standard diets supplemented with various omega 6 polyenoic fatty acids (18:2, 18:3, 20:3 or 20:4) was studied in two young brothers with multineuronal degeneration plus. These boys had mental retardation or maldevelopment,

Ageing sensitized by iPLA2β deficiency induces liver fibrosis and intestinal atrophy involving suppression of homeostatic genes and alteration of intestinal lipids and bile acids.

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Ageing is a major risk factor for various forms of liver and gastrointestinal (GI) disease and genetic background may contribute to the pathogenesis of these diseases. Group VIA phospholipase A2 or iPLA2β is a homeostatic PLA2 by playing a role in phospholipid metabolism and remodeling. Global

Alteration of lipid composition of rat thymus during thymic atrophy by whole-body X-irradiation.

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OBJECTIVE Thymic atrophy induced by irradiation is well known, but in vivo lipid metabolism during the atrophy has not been studied in detail. We determined the lipid composition of rat thymus during the progress of thymic atrophy induced by whole-body X-irradiation. METHODS The lipid analysis of

Arachidonate metabolites and vasospasm after subarachnoid haemorrhage.

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A wide literature exists about the pathogenesis of cerebral arterial spasm following subarachnoid haemorrhage: several compounds have been identified in human cerebrospinal fluid as possible vasoactive agents involved in the biochemical mechanism of vasospasm onset. Many experimental evidences exist

Decreased content of docosahexaenoate and arachidonate in plasma phospholipids in Usher's syndrome.

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Docosahexaenoate and arachidonate were found to be significantly decreased in plasma phospholipids from Usher's syndrome patients. The fatty acid content of plasma triacylglycerols was not changed in these patients. Usher's syndrome, an autosomal recessive disorder, involves an inherited visual cell

Effects of linoleate and arachidonate deficiencies on reproduction and spermatogenesis in the cat.

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The inability of the cat to convert significant quantities of linoleate [18:2(9,12)] to arachidonate [20:4(5,8,11,14]) in the liver makes the cat a useful model for studying the specific physiological roles of these two fatty acids. In these studies, cats were fed purified diets that were either

Arachidonate-induced experimental nerve infarction.

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Despite the clinical importance of ischemia in the pathogenesis of many human neuropathies, little is known about the effect of circulatory compromise on the structure of peripheral nerves. This results in part from the lack of an entirely satisfactory model in which to study ischemic neuropathy. We

Molecular cloning of a novel human diacylglycerol kinase highly selective for arachidonate-containing substrates.

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Diacylglycerol (DAG) is a second messenger that activates protein kinase C and also occupies a central role in phospholipid biosynthesis. Conversion of DAG to phosphatidic acid by DAG kinase regulates the amount of DAG and the route it takes. We used degenerate primers to amplify polymerase chain

Posttranslational modification by an isolevuglandin diminishes activity of the mitochondrial cytochrome P450 27A1.

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Posttranslational modification by isolevuglandins (isoLGs), arachidonate oxidation products, is an important yet understudied process associated with altered protein properties. This type of modification is detected in cytochrome P450 27A1 (CYP27A1), a multifunction enzyme expressed in almost every

The effect of antioxidant deficiency on tissue lipid composition in the rat. III. Testes.

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Production of testicular degeneration in the antioxidant-deficient rat resembles encephalomalacia in the chick in its dependence on essential (omega6) fatty acids and is distinct from the generalized response to all polyunsaturated fatty acids seen in nutritional muscular dystrophy in the rat. The

Prophylactic and delayed treatment with indomethacin in a porcine model of early adult respiratory distress syndrome induced by endotoxaemia.

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The effects of prophylactic and delayed treatment with indomethacin were evaluated in a porcine model of early adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) induced by endotoxaemia. Spontaneously breathing pigs under ketamine anaesthesia were infused i.v. with E. coli endotoxin (10 micrograms . h-1 .

The effect of seratrodast on eosinophil cationic protein and symptoms in asthmatics.

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Thromboxane A2 (TXA2), an arachidonate derivative, is a potent bronchoconstrictor; therefore, blocking TXA2 should attenuate airway narrowing. Seratrodast, a TXA2 receptor antagonist, is expected to be a potent antiasthmatic. It was reported that seratrodast reduced bronchial hyperresponsiveness.

Role of leukotrienes and lipoxygenases in glomerular injury.

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The 5-lipoxygenated metabolites of arachidonic acid, the leukotrienes, are increasingly recognized as major mediators of early glomerular hemodynamic and structural deterioration during experimental glomerulonephritis. Generation of these metabolites is largely by infiltrating leukocytes, but can

Five-lipoxygenase products in glomerular immune injury.

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Leukocyte infiltration, proliferation, and activation are central pathogenetic components of immune injury in the glomerulus. Initial cellular infiltration by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) is a consequence of the deposition of immune complexes at discreet sites in the glomerulus. This is often

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