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Up-regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 by cobalt chloride-induced hypoxia is mediated by phospholipase D isozymes in human astroglioma cells.

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Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is an isoform of prostaglandin H synthase induced by hypoxia and has been implicated in the growth and progression of a variety of human cancers. In the present study, we investigated the role of phospholipase D (PLD) isozymes in cobalt chloride (CoCl(2))-induced

Hypoxia-induced transcription of dopamine D3 and D4 receptors in human neuroblastoma and astrocytoma cells.

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BACKGROUND Dopaminergic pathways that influence mood and behaviour are severely affected in cerebral hypoxia. In contrast, hypoxia promotes the differentiation of dopaminergic neurons. In order to clarify the hypoxic sensitivity of key dopaminergic genes, we aimed to study their transcriptional

Potentiation of intracellular Ca2+ mobilization by hypoxia-induced NO generation in rat brain striatal slices and human astrocytoma U-373 MG cells and its involvement in tissue damage.

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The relationship between nitric oxide (NO) and intracellular Ca2+ in hypoxic-ischemic brain damage is not known in detail. Here we used rat striatal slices perfused under low-oxygen and Ca2+-free conditions and cultured human astrocytoma cells incubated under similar conditions as models to study

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha/vascular endothelial growth factor axis in astrocytomas. Associations with microvessel morphometry, proliferation and prognosis.

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Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha is a transcription factor that promotes ischaemia-driven angiogenesis. The aim of this study was to determine the relation of HIF-1alpha to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF; an important angiogenic molecule in brain tumours), p53 expression,

Brain natriuretic peptide is released from human astrocytoma cell line U373MG under hypoxia: a possible role in anti-apoptosis.

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We have recently shown that the plasma brain-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) level is elevated in acute ischemic stroke patients, but the origin and role of BNP remain unclear. We investigated whether human astrocytes secrete BNP under hypoxia, and if so, what signaling pathway is involved, and what

Hypoxia Detection in Infiltrative Astrocytoma: Ferumoxytol-based Quantitative BOLD MRI with Intraoperative and Histologic Validation.

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Purpose To validate ferumoxytol-based quantitative blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) MRI for mapping oxygenation of human infiltrative astrocytomas by using intraoperative measurement of tissue oxygen tension and histologic staining. Materials and Methods Fifteen patients with infiltrative

The HIF‑1α/miR‑224‑3p/ATG5 axis affects cell mobility and chemosensitivity by regulating hypoxia‑induced protective autophagy in glioblastoma and astrocytoma.

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Human glioblastoma is a malignant and aggressive primary human brain solid tumor characterized by severe hypoxia. Hypoxia can induce autophagy, which may result in chemoresistance and malignant progression of cancer cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to modulate hypoxia‑induced autophagy

Hypoxia in astrocytic tumors and implications for therapy.

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Glioblastoma (GBM, Grade IV astrocytoma) is the most common and most aggressive of the primary malignant brain tumors in adults. Hypoxia is a distinct feature in GBM and plays a significant role in tumor progression, resistance to treatment and poor outcomes. This review considers the effects of

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α expression is a prognostic biomarker in patients with astrocytic tumors associated with necrosis on MR image.

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Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and HIF-2α expression were investigated immunohistochemically as determinants of prognosis in 42 cases of astrocytic tumors associated with necrosis grade on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Expression of HIF-1α was determined immunohistologically. The degree of

Expression of hypoxia-related tissue factors in astrocytic gliomas. A multivariate survival study with emphasis upon carbonic anhydrase IX.

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Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is a transmembrane enzyme involved in the reversible metabolism of carbon dioxide to carbonic acid and, hence, in physiological pH regulation. It also participates in cellular differentiation and proliferation, its expression being absent in most normal tissues. It has

The relationship between MRI quantitative parameters and the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha in cerebral astrocytoma.

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OBJECTIVE Astrocytoma is the common type of glioma. But the MRI scanning for astrocytoma preoperation pathological diagnosis is not exact. The purpose of this study was to use the MRI multi quantitative parameters to improve the diagnosis of astrocytoma and exploit their molecular mechanism related

Tumor-secreted SDF-1 promotes glioma invasiveness and TAM tropism toward hypoxia in a murine astrocytoma model.

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A distinguishing feature of high-grade gliomas is the infiltration of neoplastic cells into adjacent brain tissues that mark most of these tumors surgically incurable. To study the factors associated with tumor invasion, we established a new murine brain tumor model, ALTS1C1 derived from SV40 large

Uptake of radioactive octanoate in astrocytoma cells: basic studies for application of [11C]octanoate as a PET tracer.

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Fatty acids are taken up and metabolized in the brain. In vitro uptake experiments on astrocytoma cells were carried out to assess the potential use of [1-11C]octanoate as a positron emission tomography (PET) tracer for astroglial functions. Uptake of [1-14C]octanoate increased in a time-dependent

AMP-dependent protein kinase alpha 2 isoform promotes hypoxia-induced VEGF expression in human glioblastoma.

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Tumor cells respond to hypoxic stress by upregulating a variety of genes involved in glucose uptake, glycolysis, and angiogenesis, all essential to maintaining nutrient availability and intracellular ATP levels. Adenosine monophosphate-dependent kinase (AMPK) is a key sensor for cellular homeostasis

Energy-dependent cell volume maintenance in UC-11MG human astrocytomas.

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Swelling of astrocytes in the brain is a major cause of the morbidity and mortality associated with stroke and head trauma. Using a human astrocytoma cell line (UC-11MG) as a model system, we studied cell volume changes caused by ATP depletion under conditions mimicking hypoxia. ATP levels were

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