cardiotoxicity/نيكوتين

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Nicotine induces cardiac toxicity through blocking mitophagic clearance in young adult rat

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Since an outbreak of vaping-related deaths in the US has been reported as a public health crisis, the cardiovascular safety of nicotine nowadays receives increasing attention due to use of tobacco cigarette alternatives, such as electronic cigarettes. However, whether and how nicotine contributes to

Combined Effects of Ephedrine-Containing Dietary Supplements, Caffeine, and Nicotine on Morphology and Ultrastructure of Rat Hearts.

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Cigarette smokers have an increased risk for coronary artery disease. Nicotine present in cigarettes can adversely affect the cardiovascular system via stimulation of both sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons. Caffeine, another cardiovascular and central nervous system (CNS) stimulant, is

Varenicline: new drug. Smoking cessation: no better than nicotine.

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(1) Drugs play a limited role in smoking cessation. Nicotine is the drug with the best risk-benefit balance and is available in several formulations and dose strengths. However, only about 16% of patients remain abstinent after one year, compared to about 10% of patients on placebo. Bupropion, an

The Preventive Role of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/Angiotensin-II Receptor Blockers and β-Adrenergic Blockers in Anthracycline- and Trastuzumab-Induced Cardiotoxicity.

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Anthracycline (doxorubicin) and trastuzumab treatments for cancer patients have been known to cause cardiotoxicity. The current recommendations for prevention of cardiac events from cancer chemotherapies are largely based on opinion. The American Society of Clinical Oncology recommends active

[Cardiotoxicity of a selected group of drugs].

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Drugs and other chemical substances can impair the heart in any of its functions--electrical activity, mechanical activity and metabolism, most frequently by a graded pharmacological action or a direct toxic effect, or immunological mechanisms (hypersensitive reaction). The drugs with the

Therapeutic vaccines for substance dependence.

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Several immunotherapies are under development for nicotine, cocaine and phencyclidine and a cocaine vaccine has started human trials. These therapies promise a new approach to diseases that have had limited treatment success and tremendous morbidity. Both the cocaine and nicotine addiction

Therapeutic vaccines for substance dependence.

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Immunotherapies are under development as a new approach to the treatment of substance dependence. The drugs of abuse currently being tested using this new approach are nicotine, cocaine, phencyclidine and methamphetamine. In laboratory animal models, a range of immunotherapies, including vaccines,

Case of Anthracycline-induced Cardiogenic Shock: A Call to Optimize Modifiable Cardiac Risk Factors Prior to Chemotherapy.

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Anthracyclines, including doxorubicin, are an important class of chemotherapeutic agents. Their efficacy, however, is limited by cardiotoxicity. Risk factors for anthracycline-associated cardiotoxicity include dose, treatment-specific risk factors including adjunctive radiotherapy, patient-specific

Isolated atomoxetine overdose resulting in seizure.

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BACKGROUND Atomoxetine (Strattera), has recently been approved for the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in adolescents and adults. Atomoxetine acts by inhibiting the reuptake of norepinephrine. There are limited reports of the effects of atomoxetine in overdose. We report

The natural history of asthma in adults: the problem of irreversibility.

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Asthma is common, affecting 5% to 10% of adults; asthma is progressive, leading to irreversible obstruction in 80% of elderly patients; and asthma is complex, often complicated by coexisting lung diseases. This loss of lung function results from 4 independent pathologic conditions: (1) airway

Carboxyhemoglobin levels in patients with cocaine-related chest pain.

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Carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels were measured in patients who came to an emergency department complaining of acute chest pain. For subjects not receiving prior oxygen therapy, those with cocaine-related chest pain (n = 10) had a higher mean COHb level than a comparison group (n = 28) with

New drugs in the treatment of acute and chronic leukemia with some emphasis on m-AMSA.

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Several new cytostatic drugs have entered clinical phase I-II studies for the treatment of leukemia: the most promising are pyrimidine analogs such as 5-aza-cytidine, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, 5-aza-cytosine arabinoside, and 2',2'-difluorodeoxycytidine. Fludarabine, a fluorinated purine analog,

Cardiovascular Risk in Cancer Survivors.

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OBJECTIVE As the number of cancer survivors continues to rise with improved early-detection methods and advancing therapies, along with it, there come adverse health outcomes as a result of physiological and psychological effects of cancer, as well as adverse effects of cancer treatment itself. This

Mechanistic pathways of antioxidant cytoprotection by a novel IH636 grape seed proanthocyanidin extract.

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To understand the bioavailability and mechanistic pathways of cytoprotection by IH636 grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE, commercially known as ActiVin) a series of in vitro and in vivo studies were conducted. Comparative protective abilities of GSPE, and vitamins C and E, singly and in

A balancing act: racial disparities in cardiovascular disease mortality among women diagnosed with breast cancer

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Background: The cardiotoxic effects of breast cancer therapies are well documented in clinical trials. However, clinical trials often underrepresent those at highest risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD)related outcomes and have limited

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