ceramide/تسوس سني

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Biophysics of ceramide signaling: interaction with proteins and phase transition of membranes.

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Ceramides have been implied in intracellular signal transduction systems regulating cellular differentiation, activation, survival and apoptosis and thus appear capable of changing the life style of virtually any cell type. Ceramide belongs to the group of sphingosine-based lipid second messenger

The mode of ceramide action: the alkyl chain protrusion model.

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Ceramides can induce cellular differentiation, activation, survival and apoptosis and thus appear capable of changing the life style of virtually any cell type. Ceramides have been shown to play important roles in a variety of signal transduction systems. Within the last few years much has been

Disrupting ceramide-CD300f interaction prevents septic peritonitis by stimulating neutrophil recruitment.

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Sepsis is a serious clinical problem. Negative regulation of innate immunity is associated with sepsis progression, but the underlying mechanisms remains unclear. Here we show that the receptor CD300f promotes disease progression in sepsis. CD300f -/- mice were protected from death after cecal

Association signals unveiled by a comprehensive gene set enrichment analysis of dental caries genome-wide association studies.

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Gene set-based analysis of genome-wide association study (GWAS) data has recently emerged as a useful approach to examine the joint effects of multiple risk loci in complex human diseases or phenotypes. Dental caries is a common, chronic, and complex disease leading to a decrease in quality of life

Mitochondrially targeted ceramide LCL-30 inhibits colorectal cancer in mice.

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The sphingolipid ceramide is intimately involved in the growth, differentiation, senescence, and death of normal and cancerous cells. Mitochondria are increasingly appreciated to play a key role in ceramide-induced cell death. Recent work showed the C16-pyridinium ceramide analogue LCL-30 to induce

Crystal structures of the CERT START domain with inhibitors provide insights into the mechanism of ceramide transfer.

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The cytosolic protein CERT transfers ceramide from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus where ceramide is converted to SM. The C-terminal START (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein-related lipid transfer) domain of CERT binds one ceramide molecule in its central amphiphilic cavity.

Structural basis for specific lipid recognition by CERT responsible for nonvesicular trafficking of ceramide.

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In mammalian cells, ceramide is synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum and transferred to the Golgi apparatus for conversion to sphingomyelin. Ceramide transport occurs in a nonvesicular manner and is mediated by CERT, a cytosolic 68-kDa protein with a C-terminal steroidogenic acute regulatory

Isolated Polar Amino Acid Residues Modulate Lipid Binding in the Large Hydrophobic Cavity of CD1d.

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The CD1d protein is a nonpolymorphic MHC class I-like protein that controls the activation of natural killer T (NKT) cells through the presentation of self- and foreign-lipid ligands, glycolipids, or phospholipids, leading to the secretion of various cytokines. The CD1d contains a large hydrophobic

Structural analysis of lipid complexes of GM2-activator protein.

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The GM2-activator protein (GM2-AP) is a small lysosomal lipid transfer protein essential for the hydrolytic conversion of ganglioside GM2 to GM3 by beta-hexosaminidase A. The crystal structure of human apo-GM2-AP is known to consist of a novel beta-cup fold with a spacious hydrophobic interior.

Dermal cysts of the rhino mouse develop into unopened sebaceous glands.

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The rhino mouse (hr(rh)hr(rh)) is a mutant strain characterized by a wrinkled and hairless skin with epidermal utriculi (pseudocomedones) and dermal cysts. The epidermal cysts have been extensively studied. The present work focused on the dermal cysts. By electron microscopy it was found that they

Modelling of Bet v 1 binding to lipids.

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As birch pollen allergen enters epithelium of allergic patients via lipid rafts and caveola we began to analyse its putative amphiphilic and lipid ligands on atomic level using molecular modelling and computational ligand docking. We carry out 3D modelling docking with both experimentally verified

Neutrophilic granulocytes modulate invariant NKT cell function in mice and humans.

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Invariant NKT (iNKT) cells are a conserved αβTCR(+) T cell population that can swiftly produce large amounts of cytokines, thereby activating other leukocytes, including neutrophilic granulocytes (neutrophils). In this study, we investigated the reverse relationship, showing that high neutrophil

The CD1 size problem: lipid antigens, ligands, and scaffolds.

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Whereas research on CD1d has emphasized a few glycosyl ceramides, the broader family of four human CD1 antigen-presenting molecules binds hundreds of distinct self-lipids. Individual lipid types bind within CD1 grooves in different ways, such that they partially fill the groove, match the groove

[Anesthetic management involving difficult intubation in a child with Gaucher disease].

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Gaucher disease is the most common of the glycolipid storage disorders caused by the deficiency of glucocerebrosidase, an enzyme which hydrolyzes glucocerebroside to glucose and ceramide. Accumulation of the substrate leads to multiorgan dysfunction involving the brain, spleen, liver, lymph node and

Expression of HIV receptors, alternate receptors and co-receptors on tonsillar epithelium: implications for HIV binding and primary oral infection.

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BACKGROUND Primary HIV infection can develop from exposure to HIV in the oral cavity. In previous studies, we have documented rapid and extensive binding of HIV virions in seminal plasma to intact mucosal surfaces of the palatine tonsil and also found that virions readily penetrated beneath the

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