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Cloning of a gene for an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase from Pisum sativum L. and purification and characterization of its product as an isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase.

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Isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase (IVD, EC ) catalyzes the third step in the catabolism of leucine in mammals. Deficiency of this enzyme leads to the clinical disorder isovaleric acidemia. IVD has been purified and characterized from human and rat liver, and the x-ray crystallographic structure of

Characterization of repetitive DNA elements in Arabidopsis.

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We have applied computational methods to the available database and identified several families of repetitive DNA elements in the Arabidopsis thaliana genome. While some of the elements have features expected of either miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (MITEs) or retrotransposons, the

Transposon variants and their effects on gene expression in Arabidopsis.

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Transposable elements (TEs) make up the majority of many plant genomes. Their transcription and transposition is controlled through siRNAs and epigenetic marks including DNA methylation. To dissect the interplay of siRNA-mediated regulation and TE evolution, and to examine how TE differences affect

De novo genetic variation revealed in somatic sectors of single Arabidopsis plants.

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Concern over the tremendous loss of genetic diversity among many of our most important crops has prompted major efforts to preserve seed stocks derived from cultivated species and their wild relatives. Arabidopsis thaliana propagates mainly by self-fertilizing, and therefore, like many crop plants,

The Putative Smallest Introns in the Arabidopsis Genome.

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Most eukaryotic genes contain introns, which are noncoding sequences that are removed during premRNA processing. Introns are usually preserved across evolutionary time. However, the sizes of introns vary greatly. In Arabidopsis, some introns are longer than 10 kilo base pairs (bp) and others are

Arabidopsis kin help keep genetics studies all in the family.

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An unobtrusive weed often found at roadsides and other disturbed sites, Arabidopsis thaliana has risen from its humble roots to become the model organism, or "lab rat," for studying plant molecular biology. Now, by comparing the genetic makeup and characteristics of A. thaliana to its cousins,

Inter- and intracellular colonization of Arabidopsis roots by endophytic actinobacteria and the impact of plant hormones on their antimicrobial activity.

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Many actinobacteria live in close association with eukaryotes such as fungi, insects, animals and plants. Plant-associated actinobacteria display (endo)symbiotic, saprophytic or pathogenic life styles, and can make up a substantial part of the endophytic community. Here, we characterised endophytic

Efficient production of glycyrrhetinic acid in metabolically engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae via an integrated strategy.

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Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) is the most important ingredient in licorice due to its outstanding anti-inflammatory activity and wide application in the medicine and cosmetics industries. Contemporary industrial production of GA by acid hydrolysis of glycyrrhizin which was extracted from

A whole-plant chamber system for parallel gas exchange measurements of Arabidopsis and other herbaceous species.

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BACKGROUND Photosynthetic assimilation of carbon is a defining feature of the plant kingdom. The fixation of large amounts of carbon dioxide supports the synthesis of carbohydrates, which make up the bulk of plant biomass. Exact measurements of carbon assimilation rates are therefore crucial due to

The biosynthesis of cutin and suberin as an alternative source of enzymes for the production of bio-based chemicals and materials.

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Oxygenated fatty acids such as ricinoleic acid and vernolic acid can serve in the industry as synthons for the synthesis of a wide range of chemicals and polymers traditionally produced by chemical conversion of petroleum derivatives. Oxygenated fatty acids can also be useful to synthesize specialty

Comparative analysis of NBS domain sequences of NBS-LRR disease resistance genes from sunflower, lettuce, and chicory.

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Plant resistance to many types of pathogens and pests can be achieved by the presence of disease resistance (R) genes. The nucleotide binding site-leucine rich repeat (NBS-LRR) class of R-genes is the most commonly isolated class of R-genes and makes up a super-family, which is often arranged in the

Molecular Characterization of the Elaeis guineensis Medium-Chain Fatty Acid Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase DGAT1-1 by Heterologous Expression in Yarrowia lipolytica.

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Diacylglycerol acyltransferases (DGAT) are involved in the acylation of sn-1,2-diacylglycerol. Palm kernel oil, extracted from Elaeis guineensis (oil palm) seeds, has a high content of medium-chain fatty acids mainly lauric acid (C12:0). A putative E. guineensis diacylglycerol acyltransferase gene

Production of d-glucuronic acid from myo-inositol using Escherichia coli whole-cell biocatalyst overexpressing a novel myo-inositol oxygenase from Thermothelomyces thermophile.

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D-glucuronic acid (GlcUA) is an important intermediate with numerous applications in the food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. Its biological production routes which employ myo-inositol oxygenase (MIOX) as the key enzyme are attractive. In this study, five diverse MIOX-encoding genes, from

Constitutive Expression of Aechmea fasciata SPL14 (AfSPL14) Accelerates Flowering and Changes the Plant Architecture in Arabidopsis.

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Variations in flowering time and plant architecture have a crucial impact on crop biomass and yield, as well as the aesthetic value of ornamental plants. Aechmea fasciata, a member of the Bromeliaceae family, is a bromeliad variety that is commonly cultivated worldwide. Here, we report the

A phosphatidate phosphatase double mutant provides a new insight into plant membrane lipid homeostasis.

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Phospholipids make up the bulk of most eukaryotic cell membranes, but how their synthesis is regulated remains relatively poorly understood in plants. In our article1 we provide evidence that two Mg ( 2+) -dependent phosphatidic acid phosphatase enzymes, called PAH1 and PAH2, are capable of

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