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Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus fusion-entry receptor: cystine transporter xCT.

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Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV, human herpesvirus 8) is the causative agent of Kaposi's sarcoma and other lymphoproliferative syndromes often associated with HIV/AIDS. Functional complementary DNA selection for a receptor mediating KSHV cell fusion identified xCT, the 12-transmembrane

A new substance effective against transplantable tumors in vivo: L-cystine-bis-(N,N-beta-chloroethyl)-hydrazide.

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It is shown that L-cystine-bis-(N,N-beta-chloroethyl)-hydrazide-hydro-bromide possesses strong (50-100%) inhibitory effect in vivo against myeloma P-8, carcinosarcoma Walker, lymphosarcoma Pliss, sarcoma Yoshida, sarcoma Jensen and sarcoma 180 in doses 5-12 mg/kg/day. No suppression of the growth of

Early primary diagnosis of ovarian cancer and detection of recurrence by serum cystine aminopeptidase assay.

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The aim of this study was to correlate the relationship between serum cystine aminopeptidase (CAP) activity in normal patients and that in patients with primary ovarian cancer of recurrence. Sera obtained from 63 patients and evaluated for CAP activity by the method of Babuna and Yenen were grouped

Overexpression of xCT induces up-regulation of 14-3-3beta in Kaposi's sarcoma.

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KSHV (Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus), or HHV-8 (human herpesvirus 8), is associated with the pathogenesis of KS, the most common AIDS-related malignancy. xCT (functional subunit of the cystine/glutamate transporter xc- system) is known as the HHV-8 fusion-entry receptor as well as an

WR-2721 (amifostine) infusion in patients with Ewing's sarcoma receiving ifosfamide and cyclophosphamide with mesna: drug and thiol levels in plasma and blood cells, a Pediatric Oncology Group study.

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OBJECTIVE Previous WR-2721 human pharmacokinetic studies were limited to plasma levels in patients receiving platinum-based compounds, and none includes the effects of WR-2721 on endogenous thiols. In the present study (Pediatric Oncology Group study no. 9457), we measured the levels of WR-2721, its

The x(c)- cystine/glutamate antiporter: a potential target for therapy of cancer and other diseases.

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The x(c) (-) cystine/glutamate antiporter is a major plasma membrane transporter for the cellular uptake of cystine in exchange for intracellular glutamate. Its main functions in the body are mediation of cellular cystine uptake for synthesis of glutathione essential for cellular protection from

Restoring microenvironmental redox and pH homeostasis inhibits neoplastic cell growth and migration: therapeutic efficacy of esomeprazole plus sulfasalazine on 3-MCA-induced sarcoma.

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Neoplastic cells live in a stressful context and survive thanks to their ability to overcome stress. Thus, tumor cell responses to stress are potential therapeutic targets. We selected two such responses in melanoma and sarcoma cells: the xc- antioxidant system, that opposes oxidative stress, and

Targeting xCT, a cystine-glutamate transporter induces apoptosis and tumor regression for KSHV/HIV-associated lymphoma.

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Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the etiological agent of primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), which represents a rapidly progressing malignancy arising in HIV-infected patients. Conventional chemotherapy for PEL treatment induces unwanted toxicity and is ineffective--PEL continues to

xCT, not just an amino-acid transporter: a multi-functional regulator of microbial infection and associated diseases.

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Expression of xCT, a component of the xc (-) amino-acid transporter, is essential for the uptake of cystine required for intracellular glutathione (GSH) synthesis and maintenance of the intracellular redox balance. Therefore, xCT plays an important role not only in the survival of somatic and immune

Human herpesvirus 8 infects and replicates in primary cultures of activated B lymphocytes through DC-SIGN.

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Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) is the etiological agent of Kaposi's sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma, and some forms of multicentric Castleman's disease. Although latent HHV-8 DNA can be detected in B cells from persons with these cancers, there is little information on the replication of HHV-8 in B

Use of lymph in cell culture to model hormonal and nutritional constraints on tumor growth in vivo.

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Transformed BALB/3T3 cells, which proliferate without restraint in culture, consistently produce rapidly growing sarcomas when 10(5) or more cells are inoculated into nude mice but produce sarcomas, of widely varying latent periods and growth rates, or negatives when 10(4) or fewer cells are

RAS-driven oncogenesis is supported by downstream antioxidant programs.

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In our recent study, we demonstrated that oncogenic RAS (rat sarcoma)-mediated transformation and tumorigenesis are supported by transcriptional induction of a crucial antioxidant component, SLC7A11 (solute carrier family 7 member 11), otherwise known as XCT, a gene encoding the

Depletion of total cysteine, glutathione, and homocysteine in plasma by ifosfamide/mesna therapy.

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The sulfhydryl status of cells, particularly the intracellular concentration of glutathione, is a critical determinant of the response of tumor and normal cells to cytostatic drugs. Recent data indicate that the administration of mercaptoethane sulfonate (mesna), which is often combined with

Irreversible inhibition of v-src tyrosine kinase activity by herbimycin A and its abrogation by sulfhydryl compounds.

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Herbimycin A, an antibiotic which reverses Rous sarcoma virus transformation, inhibited irreversibly the auto- and trans-phosphorylation activities of p60v-src in in vitro immune complex kinase assays. The addition of a sulfhydryl compound such as dithiothreitol, 2-mercaptoethanol, glutathione

Primary structures of cardiotoxin analogues II and IV from the venom of Naja jaja atra.

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Cardiotoxin analogues II and IV were isolated from the venom of Naja naja atra by gel filtration on Sephadex G-50 followed by CM-cellulose chromatography. The venom contains at least four cardiotoxin analogues that account for about 54% of the weight of the lyophilized crude venom. These four

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