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Studies on the inhibition of atropine-fast nicotine-induced contractions of the isolated rabbit's ileum. The effect of atropine, scopolamine their quaternary analgogues, monoquaternary antispasmodics and bisquaternary ganglion-blocking compounds.

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The effect of atropine on the activation of 5-hydroxytryptamine3 channels in rat nodose ganglion neurons.

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It has been suggested that changes in brain 5-hydroxytryptamine3 receptor function may contribute to some behavior disorders, such as anxiety, schizophrenia and drug abuse. We are using the whole-cell version of the patch-clamp technique to study the function of 5-hydroxytryptamine3 channels in

Effect of naloxone and prolonged preganglionic stimulation on noncholinergic transmission in the superior cervical ganglion of the cat.

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In cats anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital, a supramaximal 40-Hz, 30-s train to the cervical sympathetic trunk, during block of ganglionic cholinergic transmission with hexamethonium and scopolamine, produced a delayed, slow, small amplitude contraction of the nictitating membrane that persisted

Selective electrical stimulation of postganglionic cerebrovascular parasympathetic nerve fibers originating from the sphenopalatine ganglion enhances cortical blood flow in the rat.

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Recently, the origins and pathways of cerebrovascular acetylcholine- and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-containing nerves have been elucidated in detail in the rat: The sphenopalatine ganglion is the major source for postganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the vascular beds of the cerebral

Naloxone-sensitive inhibition of nicotinic transmission in the superior cervical ganglion of the cat.

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In anesthetized, artificially ventilated cats, pretreated with the muscarinic antagonist scopolamine, the effect of naloxone on the efficacy of nicotinic transmission in the superior cervical ganglion was used as a test of endogenous opioid release by the preganglionic axons. The cervical

Physiological effects of muscarinic vs nicotinic ACh antagonists upon ganglion cell activity in the frog retina.

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The intravitreal administration of ACh agonists (eserine, carbachol, oxotremorine) or that of ACh muscarinic antagonists (scopolamine, atropine) provoked a reduction of the On-Off ganglion cell discharges. The agonists depressed the Off discharges more than the On discharges, while the ACh

Inhibition of nicotine-induced relaxation of the bovine retractor penis muscle by compounds known to have ganglion-blocking properties.

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1. The relative potency in blocking the nicotine-induced relaxation of the bovine retractor penis muscle (BRP) was estimated for 12 drugs known to have ganglion-blocking properties. 2. The order of potency of the drugs studied was mecamylamine greater than chlorisondamine greater than pentolinium

The Protective Role of Selenium on Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment, Oxidative Stress, and Apoptosis in Aged Rats: The Involvement of TRPM2 and TRPV1 Channels.

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Inhibition of Ca2+ entry into the hippocampus and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) through inhibition of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist drugs is the current standard of care in neuronal diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, dementia, and peripheral pain. Oxidative stress activates

Long-term potentiation of nicotinic transmission by a heterosynaptic mechanism in the stellate ganglion of the cat.

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1. In the anesthetized, scopolamine-treated cat, the compound action potential (CAP) evoked by a single supramaximal shock to the third thoracic white ramus (T3WR) was recorded in the inferior cardiac nerve (ICN). The CAP was depressed in a dose-dependent manner by the intravenous administration of

Nicotinic excitation of rat ventral tegmental neurones in vitro studied by intracellular recording.

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1. Intracellular recordings were made from presumed dopamine-containing neurones in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) in rat brain slices. 2. Nicotine (10-100 microM) and acetylcholine (ACh) depolarized the neurones. The depolarization caused by ACh was typically biphasic; both components were

Brain targeting of nerve growth factor using poly(butyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles.

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The nerve growth factor (NGF) is essential for the survival of both peripheral ganglion cells and central cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain. The accelerated loss of central cholinergic neurons during Alzheimer's disease may be a determinant cause of dementia, and this observation may

Influence of neural blockages and proglumide on rat pancreatic enzyme secretion in response to intraluminal fatty acid.

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Effects of neural blockages on pancreatic enzyme secretion in response to infusing fatty acid into the lumen were investigated using anesthetized rats, equipped with bile-pancreatic and duodenal cannulae, to evaluate the relative contribution of the neural and the hormonal mediations in the

Organization of the sympathetic innervation of the forelimb resistance vessels in the cat.

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Detailed information on the outflow pathway of sympathetic vasoconstrictor fibers to the upper extremity is lacking. We studied the organization of the sympathetic innervation of the forelimb resistance vessels and of the sinoatrial (SA) node in the decerebrated, artificially respirated cat. The

The design of novel muscarinic partial agonists that have functional selectivity in pharmacological preparations in vitro and reduced side-effect profile in vivo.

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Antagonist/agonist binding ratios (NMS/Oxo-M ratio) were used as an index of the efficacy of novel compounds acting at muscarinic receptors. These binding ratios have been used with a range of functional pharmacological assays to investigate the effects of varying the efficacy of muscarinic

Correlation between vasodilatation and secretion in the lacrimal gland elicited by stimulation of the cornea and facial nerve root of the cat.

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OBJECTIVE To determine whether reflex vasodilatation can be elicited in the cat lacrimal gland by electrical stimulation of the cornea, whether the vasodilatation elicited by electrical stimulation of the facial nerve root found to be the efferent arm of the cornea-lacrimal gland reflex pathway

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