gliosis/سمنة

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Modulation of Glial Responses by Furanocembranolides: Leptolide Diminishes Microglial Inflammation in Vitro and Ameliorates Gliosis In Vivo in a Mouse Model of Obesity and Insulin Resistance

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Neurodegenerative diseases are age-related disorders caused by progressive neuronal death in different regions of the nervous system. Neuroinflammation, modulated by glial cells, is a crucial event during the neurodegenerative process; consequently, there is an urgency to find new therapeutic

Radiologic evidence that hypothalamic gliosis is improved after bariatric surgery in obese women with type 2 diabetes.

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Hypothalamic neurons play a major role in the control of body mass. Obese subjects present radiologic signs of gliosis in the hypothalamus, which may reflect the damage or loss of neurons involved in whole-body energy homeostasis. It is currently unknown if hypothalamic gliosis (1)

Blood-borne metabolic factors in obesity exacerbate injury-induced gliosis.

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Reactive gliosis, a sign of neuroinflammation, has been observed in mice with adult-onset obesity as well as CNS injury. The hypothesis that obesity-derived metabolic factors exacerbate reactive gliosis in response to mechanical injury was tested here on cultured primary glial cells subjected to a

Radiologic evidence that hypothalamic gliosis is associated with obesity and insulin resistance in humans.

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OBJECTIVE To use quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to test whether mediobasal hypothalamic (MBH) gliosis is associated with obesity and insulin resistance in humans. METHODS Sixty-seven participants underwent a fasting blood draw and MRI. Cases with radiologic evidence of MBH gliosis (N

Hypothalamic inflammation and gliosis in obesity.

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OBJECTIVE Hypothalamic inflammation and gliosis are recently discovered mechanisms that may contribute to obesity pathogenesis. Current research in this area suggests that investigation of these central nervous system responses may provide opportunities to develop new weight loss

Initial evidence for hypothalamic gliosis in children with obesity by quantitative T2 MRI and implications for blood oxygen-level dependent response to glucose ingestion.

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In adults, hypothalamic gliosis has been documented using quantitative T2 neuroimaging, whereas functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has shown a defective hypothalamic response to nutrients. No studies have yet evaluated these hypothalamic abnormalities in children with

Neonatal Nicotine Exposure Leads to Hypothalamic Gliosis in Adult Overweight Rats.

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Astrocytes and microglia, the immune competent cells of central nercous system, can be activated in response to metabolic signals such as obesity and hyperleptinaemia. In rats, maternal exposure to nicotine during lactation leads to central obesity, hyperleptinaemia, leptin resistance and

Dietary teasaponin ameliorates alteration of gut microbiota and cognitive decline in diet-induced obese mice.

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A high-fat (HF) diet alters gut microbiota and promotes obesity related inflammation and cognitive impairment. Teasaponin is the major active component of tea, and has been associated with anti-inflammatory effects and improved microbiota composition. However, the potential protective effects of

Obesity exacerbates chemically induced neurodegeneration.

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Obesity is a major risk factor associated with a variety of human disorders. While its involvement in disorders such as diabetes, coronary heart disease and cancer have been well characterized, it remains to be determined if obesity has a detrimental effect on the nervous system. To address this

Salience network connectivity is reduced by a meal and influenced by genetic background and hypothalamic gliosis.

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The salience network (SN) comprises brain regions that evaluate cues in the external environment in light of internal signals. We examined the SN response to meal intake and potential genetic and acquired influences on SN function.Monozygotic (MZ; 40 pairs)

Fibroblast growth factor 21 deficiency aggravates obesity-induced hypothalamic inflammation and impairs thermogenic response.

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Hypothalamic inflammation is closely associated with metabolic dysregulation. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is known to be an important metabolic regulator with anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we investigated the effects of FGF21 deficiency on obesity-induced

Early life overnutrition impairs plasticity of non-neuronal brainstem cells and drives obesity in offspring across development in rats

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Background: The prevalence of adolescent obesity has increased dramatically, becoming a serious public health concern. While previous evidence suggests that in utero- and early postnatal overnutrition increases adult-onset obesity risk,

Hypothalamic Gliosis by MRI and Visceral Fat Mass Negatively Correlate with Plasma Testosterone Concentrations in Healthy Men.

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OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine whether a relationship was evident between gliosis in the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH) and plasma testosterone concentrations in men. METHODS A total of 41 adult men (aged 18-50 years) from 23 twin pairs underwent fasting morning blood draw and brain magnetic

Intermittent peripheral exposure to lipopolysaccharide induces exploratory behavior in mice and regulates brain glial activity in obese mice

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Background: Consecutive peripheral immune challenges can modulate the responses of brain resident microglia to stimuli. High-fat diet (HFD) intake has been reported to stimulate the activation of astrocytes and microglia in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the

Global transcriptome analysis of rat hypothalamic arcuate nucleus demonstrates reversal of hypothalamic gliosis following surgically and diet induced weight loss.

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The central mechanisms underlying the marked beneficial metabolic effects of bariatric surgery are unclear. Here, we characterized global gene expression in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (Arc) in diet-induced obese (DIO) rats following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). 60 days post-RYGB, the Arc

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