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The role of glutamic acid in the pathogenesis of stroke and the development of neuroprotective drugs.

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The role of glutamic acid (glutamate) in the pathogenesis of stroke is now fairly well established. As a result, many drugs which act on glutamate receptors are currently under investigation for their ability to prevent the damage induced by glutamate under ischaemic conditions. The efficacy of

Dietary intakes of glutamic acid and glycine are associated with stroke mortality in Japanese adults.

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BACKGROUND Dietary intakes of glutamic acid and glycine have been reported to be associated with blood pressure. However, the link between intakes of these amino acids and stroke has not been studied. OBJECTIVE We aimed to examine the association between glutamic acid and glycine intakes and the

[Effect of Jiunaoning injection on overload of intracellular free calcium of cerebral cortex induced by glutamic acid or 5-hydroxytryptamine in fetal rats].

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OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of Jiunaoning Injection (JNNI) on overload of intracellular free calcium of cerebral cortex induced by glutamic acid or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in fetal rats. METHODS Double wavelength spectrofluorometer with Fura-2/AM as the fluorescence indicator for

[The association between plasma neurotransmitters levels and depression in acute hemorrhagic stroke].

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OBJECTIVE To explore the relation between plasma neurotransmitters (Glutamic acid, GAA; γ-aminobutyric acid, GABA; 5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT; and noradrenaline, NE) and depression in acute hemorrhagic stroke. METHODS Objectives were screened from consecutive hospitalized patients with acute stroke.

[Treatment of the syndrome of disseminated intravascular coagulation in ischemic strokes].

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A treatment modality of a new original design was used in 87 survivors of ischemic stroke. Apart from the standard remedies, the authors administered drugs affecting the syndrome of disseminated intravascular coagulation, such as dipyridamole, glutamic acid and phytin, with heparin and freshly

Effect of NC-1100 [1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-diphenylmethylpiperazinyl) ethanol dihydrochloride] on gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) metabolism in rat brain: analysis using stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat.

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Effects of oral administration of NC-1100 on the metabolism of neuroactive amino acids in rat brain were studied using stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive (SHR-SP) and Wistar Kyoto rats. The repeated administration of NC-1100 induced a significant increase of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)

[Progression of right internal carotid artery stenosis in ischemic stroke patient with autoimmune polyglandular syndrome: A case report].

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A 40-year-old man who presented with left hemiparesis was admitted to our hospital. He had tachycardia and a fever. He had a 25-year history of insulin therapy for diabetes mellitus. Brain magnetic resonance (MR) images showed fresh infarction in the right hemisphere, and carotid ultrasonography

Poly-arginine peptides reduce infarct volume in a permanent middle cerebral artery rat stroke model.

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We recently reported that poly-arginine peptides have neuroprotective properties both in vitro and in vivo. In cultured cortical neurons exposed to glutamic acid excitotoxicity, we demonstrated that neuroprotective potency increases with polymer length plateauing at R15 to R18 (R = arginine

Proteomic analysis of cortical neuronal cultures treated with poly-arginine peptide-18 (R18) and exposed to glutamic acid excitotoxicity.

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Poly-arginine peptide-18 (R18) has recently emerged as a highly effective neuroprotective agent in experimental stroke models, and is particularly efficacious in protecting cortical neurons against glutamic acid excitotoxicity. While we have previously demonstrated that R18 can reduce

The level of chemokine CXCL5 in the cerebrospinal fluid is increased during the first 24 hours of ischaemic stroke and correlates with the size of early brain damage.

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Inflammation is an important feature of the pathophysiological response to ischaemic stroke. The ischaemic brain-invading leukocytes, neutrophils in particular, contribute to the exacerbation of tissue injury in stroke. Chemokines are a growing family of proteins performing chemotactic activity on

Synergism and rules of the new combination drug Yiqijiedu formulae (YQJD) on ischemic stroke based on amino acids (AAs) metabolism.

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The use of combination drugs is considered to be a promising strategy to control complex diseases such as ischemic stroke. The detection of metabolites has been used as a versatile tool to reveal the potential mechanism of diverse diseases. In this study, the levels of 12 endogenous AAs were

Regulation of GABA Neurotransmission by Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (GAD).

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Control of GABA neurotransmission at the pre-synaptic site occurs substantially through the activation of the glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) enzymes GAD65 and GAD67. Concentrations of GAD65 and GAD67 are controlled either by transcription or by mRNA splicing and importantly the activities of

Glycine-site antagonists and stroke.

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The excitatory amino acid, (S)-glutamic acid, plays an important role in controlling many neuronal processes. Its action is mediated by two main groups of receptors: the ionotropic receptors (which include NMDA, AMPA and kainic acid subtypes) and the metabotropic receptors (mGluR(1-8)) mediating

Poly-arginine and arginine-rich peptides are neuroprotective in stroke models.

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Using cortical neuronal cultures and glutamic acid excitotoxicity and oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) stroke models, we demonstrated that poly-arginine and arginine-rich cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), are highly neuroprotective, with efficacy increasing with increasing arginine content, have the

Long-term risk of stroke in type 2 diabetes patients with diabetic ketoacidosis: A population-based, propensity score-matched, longitudinal follow-up study.

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OBJECTIVE To investigate the long-term risk of stroke in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with previous episodes of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). METHODS This retrospective nationwide population-based cohort study was conducted using Taiwan's National Health Insurance database. Claims data from 2000 to

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