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DNA damage marker phosphorylated histone H2AX is a potential predictive marker for progression of epithelial dysplasia of the oral cavity.

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OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relationships between immunohistochemical markers related to cellular senescence, cell proliferation and histological grade of epithelial dysplasia (OD) of the oral cavity. In addition, the predictive value of these markers for progression of OD was

Mutagenesis studies of the 14 Å internal cavity of histone deacetylase 1: insights toward the acetate-escape hypothesis and selective inhibitor design.

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Histone deacetylase (HDAC) proteins are promising targets for cancer treatment, as shown by the approval of two HDAC inhibitors for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. HDAC1 in particular has been linked to cell growth and cell cycle regulation and is therefore an attractive target for

On the function of the internal cavity of histone deacetylase protein 8: R37 is a crucial residue for catalysis.

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Biochemical studies reveal that a conserved arginine residue (R37) at the centre of the 14Å internal cavity of histone deacetylase (HDAC) 8 is important for catalysis and acetate affinity. Computational studies indicate that R37 forms multiple hydrogen bonding interactions with the backbone carbonyl

On the function of the 14 A long internal cavity of histone deacetylase-like protein: implications for the design of histone deacetylase inhibitors.

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Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play an important role in gene transcription. Inhibitors of HDACs induce cell differentiation and suppress cell proliferation in tumor cells. AutoDock calculations of known and novel HDAC inhibitors as well as of several probe molecules to histone deacetylase-like

Exploration of the internal cavity of histone deacetylase (HDAC) with selective HDAC1/HDAC2 inhibitors (SHI-1:2).

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We report herein the initial exploration of novel selective HDAC1/HDAC2 inhibitors (SHI-1:2). Optimized SHI-1:2 structures exhibit enhanced intrinsic activity against HDAC1 and HDAC2, and are greater than 100-fold selective versus other HDACs, including HDAC3. Based on the SAR of these agents and

Functional characterization and architecture of recombinant yeast SWR1 histone exchange complex.

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We have prepared recombinant fourteen subunit yeast SWR1 complex from insect cells using a modified MultiBac system. The 1.07 MDa recombinant protein complex has histone-exchange activity. Full exchange activity is realized with a single SWR1 complex bound to a nucleosome. We also prepared mutant

Structure of the Rtt109-AcCoA/Vps75 complex and implications for chaperone-mediated histone acetylation.

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Yeast Rtt109 promotes nucleosome assembly and genome stability by acetylating K9, K27, and K56 of histone H3 through interaction with either of two distinct histone chaperones, Vps75 or Asf1. We report the crystal structure of an Rtt109-AcCoA/Vps75 complex revealing an elongated Vps75 homodimer

Binding Mode of Acetylated Histones to Bromodomains: Variations on a Common Motif.

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Bromodomains, epigenetic readers that recognize acetylated lysine residues in histone tails, are potential drug targets in cancer and inflammation. Herein we review the crystal structures of human bromodomains in complex with histone tails and analyze the main interaction motifs. The histone

[Characteristics of the tertiary structure of histone H1 from the calf thymus].

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By optical methods it has been previously shown that the globular "head" of histone H1 forms a hydrophobic cavity containing Tyr72. The latter is screened from the polar water surrounding and its intramolecular mobility is drastically hindered. As a consequence of the alteration in the micromilieu

Histone chaperone exploits intrinsic disorder to switch acetylation specificity.

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Histones, the principal protein components of chromatin, contain long disordered sequences, which are extensively post-translationally modified. Although histone chaperones are known to control both the activity and specificity of histone-modifying enzymes, the mechanisms promoting modification of

Enzyme kinetic studies of histone demethylases KDM4C and KDM6A: towards understanding selectivity of inhibitors targeting oncogenic histone demethylases.

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To investigate ligand selectivity between the oncogenic KDM4C and tumor repressor protein KDM6A histone demethylases, KDM4C and KDM6A were enzymatically characterized, and subsequently, four compounds were tested for inhibitory effects. 2,4-dicarboxypyridine and (R)-N-oxalyl-O-benzyltyrosine (3) are

Diseases of the oral cavity in light of the newest epigenetic research: Possible implications for stomatology.

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Epigenetics is the study of inheritable changes in gene expression without changes in the underlying deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequence. The main mechanisms of epigenetic regulation include DNA methylation, modifications in histones, and micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNA). Recent research evidence

The ZZ-type zinc finger of ZZZ3 modulates the ATAC complex-mediated histone acetylation and gene activation.

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Recognition of histones by epigenetic readers is a fundamental mechanism for the regulation of chromatin and transcription. Most reader modules target specific post-translational modifications on histones. Here, we report the identification of a reader of histone H3, the ZZ-type zinc finger (ZZ)

Differential profiles of salivary proteins with affinity to Streptococcus mutans lipoteichoic acid in caries-free and caries-positive human subjects.

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Streptococcus mutans is a representative oral pathogen that causes dental caries and pulpal inflammation. Its lipoteichoic acid (Sm.LTA) is known to be an important cell-wall virulence factor involved in bacterial adhesion and induction of inflammation. Since Sm.LTA-binding proteins (Sm.LTA-BPs)

JNK1 regulates histone acetylation in trigeminal neurons following chemical stimulation.

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Trigeminal nerve fibers in nasal and oral cavities are sensitive to various environmental hazardous stimuli, which trigger many neurotoxic problems such as chronic migraine headache and trigeminal irritated disorders. However, the role of JNK kinase cascade and its epigenetic modulation of histone

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