hypoglycemia/برولين

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Mutation of the pancreatic islet inward rectifier Kir6.2 also leads to familial persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy.

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Closure of ATP-sensitive potassium channels in pancreatic islet beta-cells initiates a cascade of events that leads to insulin secretion. beta-Cell ATP-sensitive potassium currents can be reconstituted by coexpression of the inward rectifier Kir6.2 and the sulfonylurea receptor (SUR), a member of

Proline oxidase promotes tumor cell survival in hypoxic tumor microenvironments.

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Proline is a readily released stress substrate that can be metabolized by proline oxidase (POX) to generate either reactive oxygen species (ROS) to induce apoptosis or autophagy or ATP during times of nutrient stress. However, the contribution of proline metabolism to tumorigenesis in hypoxic

Proline dehydrogenase (oxidase), a mitochondrial tumor suppressor, and autophagy under the hypoxia microenvironment.

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Proline dehydrogenase (oxidase, PRODH/POX), the first enzyme in the pathway of proline catabolism, has been identified as a mitochondrial, metabolic tumor suppressor, which is downregulated in a variety of human tumors. However, our recent findings show that PRODH/POX is upregulated by hypoxia in

Prolidase-proline dehydrogenase/proline oxidase-collagen biosynthesis axis as a potential interface of apoptosis/autophagy.

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Prolidase is a cytosolic imidodipeptidase that specifically splits imidodipeptides with C-terminal proline or hydroxyproline. The enzyme plays an important role in the recycling of proline from imidodipeptides for resynthesis of collagen and other proline-containing proteins. The mechanism of

Metabolic network capacity of Escherichia coli for Krebs cycle-dependent proline hydroxylation.

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BACKGROUND Understanding the metabolism of the microbial host is essential for the development and optimization of whole-cell based biocatalytic processes, as it dictates production efficiency. This is especially true for redox biocatalysis where metabolically active cells are employed because of

Histidyl-proline diketopiperazine cyclo (His-Pro): identification and characterization in rat pancreatic islets.

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Measurements of cyclo (His-Pro) in the pancreas were carried out in the rat by a specific radioimmunoassay. Cyclo (His-Pro)-like immunoreactivity was identified in pancreatic islets with a mean concentration of 2023 pg/mg protein, 88-fold higher than that of the whole pancreas. Cyclo (His-Pro)

Hyperaminoacidemia due to the accumulation of gluconeogenic amino acid precursors in hypoglycemic small-for-gestational age infants.

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The postnatal (3 to 12 hours) plasma amino acid patterns of normal full-term, nonhypoglycemic, and hypoglycemic small-for-gestational age infants were compared. Seventeen amino acid were separated by automatic column chromatography. It was found that hypoglycemia in SGA newborn infants was

Expression of Klebsiella pneumoniae nif genes in Proteus mirabilis.

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Self-transmissible plasmids carrying his and nif genes from Klebsiella pneumoniae have been introduced into three his mutants of Proteus mirabilis: strains 5006-1, WR19 and WR20. Expression of his by the transconjugants was unequivocal, if slightly temperature-sensitive, but none was Nif+ when

Studies on the inhibition of gluconeogenesis by oxalate.

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Oxalate was shown to enter isolated rat hepatocytes and to inhibit gluconeogenesis from lactate, pyruvate, and alanine, but not from glutamine, proline, propionate or dihydroxyacetone. Oxalate apparently acts by inhibiting pyruvate carboxylase (EC 6.4.1.1.). It is known to inhibit the isolated

Insulin lispro: a review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic use in the management of diabetes mellitus.

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Insulin lispro, a recombinant insulin analogue, is identical to human insulin except for the transposition of proline and lysine at positions 28 and 29 in the C-terminus of the B chain. The resultant reduced capacity for self-association in solution translates into more rapid absorption of insulin

Pramlintide: (AC 137, AC 0137, Symlin, Tripro-Amylin).

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Adis CommentsPramlintide [AC 0137, AC 137, tripro-amylin, Symlin] is a synthetic human amylin analogue with proline substitutions at positions 25, 28 and 29, which limits the self-aggregation seen with native amylin. Pramlintide improves glycaemic control, and appears to reduce postprandial blood

Controlled release of biomolecules from temperature-sensitive hydrogels prepared by radiation polymerization.

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Poly(acryloyl-L-proline methyl ester)-based hydrogels containing 1 and 5% of a crosslinking agent were studied as drug delivery systems. The drug loading properties were investigated by matrix incubation into solutions containing biomolecules with molecular weight ranging between 300 and 65,000 Da.

Cerebral metabolism of amino acids and glucose in fed and fasted sheep.

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Net cerebral uptake from or release into whole blood of oxygen, carbon dioxide, glucose, amino acids, lactate, pyruvate, ketone bodies, and acetate was estimated in fed, 3-day-fasted, and 6-day-fasted sheep. The respiratory quotient was similar in all three groups of sheep (approximately 0.95).

The effect of birth asphyxia on plasma free amino acids in preterm newborn infants.

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The postnatal plasma amino acid pattern was compared in 16 asphyxiated and 13 non-asphyxiated preterm newborn infants. The lactic acidosis induced by asphyxia was associated with a marked rise in the total amino acid content of the plasma. Among the 17 individual amino acids determined the

The effect of glucose deprivation on collagen synthesis in fibroblast cultures.

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It was decided to study the effect of glucose deprivation on collagen synthesis and degradation in fibroblast cultures and a correlation of these processes with the expression of oxygen/glucose regulated proteins (ORP150/GRP170). The incorporation of radiolabeled proline into collagenase-sensitive

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