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Grassland species differentially regulate proline concentrations under future climate conditions: an integrated biochemical and modelling approach.

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Proline (Pro) is a versatile metabolite playing a role in the protection of plants against environmental stresses. To gain a deeper understanding of the regulation of Pro metabolism under predicted future climate conditions, including drought stress, elevated temperature and CO2 , we combined

A gene encoding a protein with a proline-rich domain (MtPPRD1), revealed by suppressive subtractive hybridization (SSH), is specifically expressed in the Medicago truncatula embryo axis during germination.

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A gene MtPPRD1, encoding a protein of 132 amino acids containing a proline-rich domain (PRD), has been revealed by suppressive subtractive hybridization (SSH) with two mRNA populations of embryo axes harvested immediately before and after radicle emergence. Although at the protein level MtPPRD1

Overexpression of the arginine decarboxylase gene promotes the symbiotic interaction Medicago truncatula-Sinorhizobium meliloti and induces the accumulation of proline and spermine in nodules under salt stress conditions.

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Legumes have the capacity to fix nitrogen in symbiosis with soil bacteria known as rhizobia by the formation of root nodules. However, nitrogen fixation is highly sensitive to soil salinity with a concomitant reduction of the plant yield and soil fertilization. Polycationic aliphatic amines known as

A new proline-rich early nodulin from Medicago truncatula is highly expressed in nodule meristematic cells.

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We cloned and characterized MtPRP4, a new member of the repetitive proline-rich protein gene family in Medicago truncatula. The sequence of MtPRP4 predicts a 62-kD protein consisting of a 22-amino acid N-terminal signal peptide and a 527-amino acid repetitive proline-rich domain composed of three

Medicago truncatula stress associated protein 1 gene (MtSAP1) overexpression confers tolerance to abiotic stress and impacts proline accumulation in transgenic tobacco.

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Stress associated proteins (SAP) have been already reported to play a role in tolerance acquisition of some abiotic stresses. In the present study, the role of MtSAP1 (Medicago truncatula) in tolerance to temperature, osmotic and salt stresses has been studied in tobacco transgenic seedlings.

Responsive modes of Medicago sativa proline dehydrogenase genes during salt stress and recovery dictate free proline accumulation.

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Free proline accumulation is an innate response of many plants to osmotic stress. To characterize transcriptional regulation of the key proline cycle enzymes in alfalfa (Medicago sativa), two proline dehydrogenase (MsPDH) genes and a partial sequence of Delta (1) -pyrroline-5-carboxylate

Transcriptional regulation of proline biosynthesis in Medicago truncatula reveals developmental and environmental specific features.

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The model legume plant Medicago truncatula accumulates free proline in response to hyperosmotic stress as do many other organisms. In order to analyse the transcriptional regulation of proline biosynthesis in M. truncatula, three cDNAs encoding Delta(1)-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS1,

Abscisic acid-induced nitric oxide and proline accumulation in independent pathways under water-deficit stress during seedling establishment in Medicago truncatula.

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Nitric oxide (NO) production and amino acid metabolism modulation, in particular abscisic acid (ABA)-dependent proline accumulation, are stimulated in planta by most abiotic stresses. However, the relationship between NO production and proline accumulation under abiotic stress is still poorly

Hexavalent chromium leads to differential hormetic or damaging effects in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) plants in a concentration-dependent manner by regulating nitro-oxidative and proline metabolism

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Chromium has been proven to be extremely phytotoxic. This study explored the impacts of increasing Cr(VI) exposure (up to 10 mg Lp>-1p> K₂Cr₂O₇) on the growth and development of alfalfa plants and adaptation responses employed, in an environmentally relevant

The nitric oxide donor sodium nitroprusside regulates polyamine and proline metabolism in leaves of Medicago truncatula plants.

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Nitric oxide (NO), polyamines, and proline have all been suggested to play key roles in a wide spectrum of physiological processes and abiotic stress responses. Although exogenous application of polyamines has been shown to induce NO production, the effect of NO on polyamine biosynthesis has not yet

A cold responsive ethylene responsive factor from Medicago falcata confers cold tolerance by up-regulation of polyamine turnover, antioxidant protection, and proline accumulation.

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Ethylene responsive factor (ERF) subfamily transcription factors play an important role in plant abiotic and biotic stress tolerance. A cold responsive ERF, MfERF1, was isolated from Medicago falcata, an important forage legume that has great cold tolerance. Overexpression of MfERF1 resulted in an

A novel Δ(1)-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase gene of Medicago truncatula plays a predominant role in stress-induced proline accumulation during symbiotic nitrogen fixation.

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Proline accumulates in environmentally stressed plant cells including those of legume roots and nodules, but how its level is regulated is poorly understood. Δ(1)-Pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS), the committed-step enzyme of proline biosynthesis, is encoded by two duplicated genes in many

Melatonin systemically ameliorates drought stress-induced damage in Medicago sativa plants by modulating nitro-oxidative homeostasis and proline metabolism.

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Recent reports have uncovered the multifunctional role of melatonin in plant physiological responses under optimal and suboptimal environmental conditions. In this study, we explored whether melatonin pretreatment could provoke priming effects in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) plants subsequently

The structure of Medicago truncatula δ(1)-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase provides new insights into regulation of proline biosynthesis in plants.

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The two pathways for proline biosynthesis in higher plants share the last step, the conversion of δ(1)-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C) to L-proline, which is catalyzed by P5C reductase (P5CR, EC 1.5.1.2) with the use of NAD(P)H as a coenzyme. There is increasing amount of evidence to suggest a complex

Transgenic Medicago truncatula plants that accumulate proline display nitrogen-fixing activity with enhanced tolerance to osmotic stress.

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Legume root nodule nitrogen-fixing activity is severely affected by osmotic stress. Proline accumulation has been shown to induce tolerance to salt stress, and transgenic plants over-expressing Delta(1)-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS), which accumulates high levels of proline, display

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