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Preventive effect of N-acetyl-L-cysteine on oxidative stress and cognitive impairment in hepatic encephalopathy following bile duct ligation.

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Oxidative stress caused by ammonia toxicity is known to play a key role in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy (HE). The present study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) supplementation in a bile duct ligation (BDL)-induced model of HE. Three weeks

Exposure to the Dietary Supplement N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine during Pregnancy Reduces Cyclophosphamide Teratogenesis in ICR Mice.

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Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a complex multifaceted developmental toxicant, with mechanisms of teratogenesis thought to include production of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS). N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) is a powerful antioxidant that may decrease the toxicity of certain anticancer drugs, such as

Subchronic methionine load induces oxidative stress and provokes biochemical and histological changes in the rat liver tissue.

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The aim of this study was to assess the effects of L-cysteine (Cys) (7 mg/kg) and N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) (50 mg/kg) in the rat liver caused by subchronic i.p. application of methionine (Met) (0.8 mmol/kg) during 21 days. Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, glutathione content (GSH), catalase

Antioxidant and calcium channel blockers counteract endothelial barrier injury induced by acute pancreatitis in rats.

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BACKGROUND Multiple organ failure is the major mortality-related complication in severe acute pancreatitis. Endothelial barrier injury may be involved in its pathophysiology. METHODS The present study evaluated alterations in endothelial barrier integrity in different organs/tissues 12 h after

Gastroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of resin from Protium heptaphyllum in mice and rats.

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The natural resin collected from the trunk wood of Protium heptaphyllum is used in folk medicine to treat inflammatory conditions and to hasten wound repair. In the search of new potential anti-inflammatory agents with gastroprotective property, the present study evaluated its effects in

Selective involvement of reactive oxygen intermediates in platelet-activating factor-mediated activation of NF-kappaB.

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Although it has been suggested that some biological activities of platelet-activating factor (PAF) are mediated by, at least in part, reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI), the precise mechanisms underlying the interaction between the two remains to be elucidated. Antioxidants, such as

Protection from half-mustard-gas-induced acute lung injury in the rat.

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The chemical warfare agent analog, 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide, known as 'half-mustard gas' (HMG), is less toxic and less of an environmental hazard than the full molecule and has been shown to produce an acute lung injury in rats when instilled via intrapulmonary injection. This injury is

Edaravone protects against hypoxia/ischemia-induced endoplasmic reticulum dysfunction.

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Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced cell death plays an important role in cerebral ischemia. In the present study, we investigated whether edaravone (3-methyl-1-phenyl-pyrazolin-5-one), a free radical scavenger, can protect against ER damage induced by cerebral ischemia. In a mouse model of

Intracellular Hmgb1 inhibits inflammatory nucleosome release and limits acute pancreatitis in mice.

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OBJECTIVE High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is an abundant protein that regulates chromosome architecture and also functions as a damage-associated molecular pattern molecule. Little is known about its intracellular roles in response to tissue injury or during subsequent local and systemic

Upregulation of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 in Primary Cultured Rat Astrocytes Induced by 2-Chloroethanol Via MAPK Signal Pathways.

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2-Chloroethanol (2-CE) is one of the reactive metabolites of 1,2-DCE in vivo, which might contribute to brain edema formation induced by 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCE) poisoning. Thus, the purpose of this study was to explore the roles of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal pathways in

N-acetyl-l-cystine (NAC) protects against H9N2 swine influenza virus-induced acute lung injury.

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The antioxidant N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) had been shown to inhibit replication of seasonal human influenza A viruses. Here, the effects of NAC on H9N2 swine influenza virus-induced acute lung injury (ALI) were investigated in mice. BALB/c mice were inoculated intranasally with 10(7) 50% tissue

Sulforaphane suppresses oligomerization of TLR4 in a thiol-dependent manner.

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TLRs are pattern recognition receptors that detect invading microorganisms and nonmicrobial endogenous molecules to trigger immune and inflammatory responses during host defense and tissue repair. TLR activity is closely linked to the risk of many inflammatory diseases and immune disorders.

Chronic post-ischemia pain (CPIP): a novel animal model of complex regional pain syndrome-type I (CRPS-I; reflex sympathetic dystrophy) produced by prolonged hindpaw ischemia and reperfusion in the rat.

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A neuropathic-like pain syndrome was produced in rats following prolonged hindpaw ischemia and reperfusion, creating an animal model of complex regional pain syndrome-Type I (CRPS-I; reflex sympathetic dystrophy) that we call chronic post-ischemia pain (CPIP). The method involves placing a

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