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Phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 and protein kinase Cδ contribute to endothelin-1 constriction and elevated blood pressure in intermittent hypoxia.

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Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with cardiovascular complications including hypertension. Previous findings from our laboratory indicate that exposure to intermittent hypoxia (IH), to mimic sleep apnea, increases blood pressure in rats. IH also increases endothelin-1 (ET-1) constrictor

Potentiation of sympathetic nerve responses to hypoxia in borderline hypertensive subjects.

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We tested the hypothesis that sympathetic nerve responses to stimulation of chemoreceptors by hypoxia are exaggerated in borderline hypertensive humans. We compared responses to isocapnic hypoxia in eight borderline hypertensive subjects and eight normotensive control subjects matched for age, sex,

Knockdown of tyrosine hydroxylase in the nucleus of the solitary tract reduces elevated blood pressure during chronic intermittent hypoxia.

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Noradrenergic A2 neurons in nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) respond to stressors such as hypoxia. We hypothesize that tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) knockdown in NTS reduces cardiovascular responses to chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), a model of the arterial hypoxemia observed during sleep apnea in

Chronic intermittent hypoxia alters NMDA and AMPA-evoked currents in NTS neurons receiving carotid body chemoreceptor inputs.

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Chronic exposure to intermittent hypoxia (CIH) has been used in animals to mimic the arterial hypoxemia that accompanies sleep apnea. Humans with sleep apnea and animals exposed to CIH have elevated blood pressures and augmented sympathetic nervous system responses to acute exposures to hypoxia. To

[Effect of adaptation to high altitude hypoxia on the development of structural changes in the resistance vessels of the spontaneously hypertensive rat].

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Adaptation to high altitude hypoxia prevents the development of arterial hypertension only in young spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) in the pre-hypertension stage. Adult SHR exposed to high altitude hypoxia showed no hypotensive effect. Judging by the experiments with extremities perfusion, the

Sex differences in blood pressure response to intermittent hypoxia in rats.

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Intermittent hypoxia is used to mimic the arterial hypoxemia that occurs during sleep apnea. The present study examined the blood pressure and heart rate responses to exposure to intermittent hypoxia in male rats and in female rats before and after ovariectomy. Rats were instrumented with telemetry

Respiratory and cardiovascular responses to hyperoxia, hypoxia and hypercapnia in the renal hypertensive rabbit: role of carotid body chemoreceptors.

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We tested the hypothesis that in renal hypertension the increased peripheral vascular resistance of neurogenic origin might be due to a reflex through resetting of the carotid body chemoreceptors. The reflex respiratory and cardiovascular functions of the carotid bodies were studied in a one-kidney

Invited review: Physiological consequences of intermittent hypoxia: systemic blood pressure.

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One of the major manifestations of obstructive sleep apnea is profound and repeated hypoxia during sleep. Acute hypoxia leads to stimulation of the peripheral chemoreceptors, which in turn increases sympathetic outflow, acutely increasing blood pressure. The chronic effect of these repeated episodic

ROS signaling in systemic and cellular responses to chronic intermittent hypoxia.

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Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) is a common and life-threatening condition that occurs in many different diseases, including sleep-disordered breathing manifested as recurrent apneas. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been identified as one of the causative factors in a variety of morbidities.

Prolonged hypobaric hypoxemia attenuates vasopressin secretion and renal response to osmostimulation in men.

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Effects of hypobaric hypoxemia on endocrine and renal parameters of body fluid homeostasis were investigated in eight normal men during a sojourn of 8 days at an altitude of 4,559 m. Endocrine and renal responses to an osmotic stimulus (5% hypertonic saline, 3.6 ml/kg over 1 h) were investigated at

Melatonin reduces microvascular damage and insulin resistance in hamsters due to chronic intermittent hypoxia.

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Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) causes intermittent hypoxia (IH) associated with hypertension, insulin resistance and a systemic inflammatory response. We evaluated the effects of melatonin on vasodilation, capillary perfusion in hamster cheek pouch and insulin resistance, hypertension, and reactive

Low physical activity is a determinant for elevated blood pressure in high cardiovascular risk obstructive sleep apnea.

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BACKGROUND Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with cardiovascular morbidity, including hypertension. Beyond the severity of nocturnal hypoxia, other factors such as metabolic abnormalities but also sedentary behaviors and insufficient physical activity may contribute to elevated blood

Cyclooxygenases 1 and 2 differentially regulate blood pressure and cerebrovascular responses to acute and chronic intermittent hypoxia: implications for sleep apnea.

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BACKGROUND Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease resulting from intermittent hypoxia (IH)-induced inflammation. Cyclooxygenase (COX)-formed prostanoids mediate the inflammatory response, and regulate blood pressure and cerebral

Oxidative stress in the systemic and cellular responses to intermittent hypoxia.

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Patients with chronic intermittent hypoxia (IH) caused by recurrent apneas have a greatly increased risk for developing hypertension, myocardial infarctions, and stroke. The purpose of this article is to highlight some of the recent studies focusing on the mechanisms associated with systemic and

Effect of episodic eucapnic and hypocapnic hypoxia on systemic blood pressure in hypertension-prone rats.

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Repetitive episodic (18-24 s twice per minute) hypocapnic hypoxia (HH) administered chronically (7 h/day, 35 days) to Sprague-Dawley or Wistar-Kyoto rats results in a sustained increase in daytime blood pressure (BP). We examined acute and chronic BP response to episodic HH and eucapnic hypoxia (EH)

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