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[A new purine analog in the treatment of hematologic malignancy. I. Fludarabine].

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New purine analogues, fludarabine, 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine and 2-deoxycoformycin are remarkably active in generally incurable malignant lymphoproliferative disorders. The first part of the review summarises pharmacological properties, the mechanism of action, toxicity and clinical use of fludarabine.

Selective inhibitors of cyclic AMP-specific phosphodiesterase: heterocycle-condensed purines.

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To reverse the adverse reactions of alkylxanthines and to develop novel inhibitors of cyclic AMP-specific phosphodiesterase (PDE IV), a series of heterocycle-condensed purines were designed and synthesized. Some of these new compounds had similar or more potent and selective inhibitory activity

Gout, uric acid and purine metabolism in paediatric nephrology.

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Although gout and hyperuricaemia are usually thought of as conditions of indulgent male middle age, in addition to the well-known uricosuria of the newborn, there is much of importance for the paediatric nephrologist in this field. Children and infants may present chronically with stones or acutely

Methotrexate treatment in pediatric Crohn disease patients intolerant or resistant to purine analogues.

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BACKGROUND Immunomodulatory drugs play a major role in maintaining remission and steroid sparing in children with Crohn disease. Although thiopurine agents are commonly used, unresponsiveness or intolerance to these drugs is common. The efficacy of methotrexate in maintenance of remission has been

Fludarabine phosphate: a synthetic purine antimetabolite with significant activity against lymphoid malignancies.

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Fludarabine phosphate is the 2-fluoro, 5'-monophosphate derivative of vidarabine (ara-A) with the advantages of resistance to deamination by adenosine deaminase (ADA) and improved solubility. The mechanism of cytotoxic action of the compound appears to involve metabolic conversion to the active

The evolving role of pemetrexed (Alimta) in lung cancer.

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Pemetrexed (Alimta; Eli Lilly and Co, Indianapolis, IN) is a multitargeted antifolate that inhibits several folate-dependent enzymes that play roles in purine and pyrimidine synthesis. The principal toxicities of pemetrexed are neutropenia, diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, mucositis, and skin rash. These

A phase II study of fixed dose rate gemcitabine in patients with relapsed müllerian tumors.

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Gemcitabine (2',2'-difluorodeoxycytidine) is a novel purine analog with clinical activity against ovarian cancer. Accumulation of gemcitabine triphosphate (dFdCTP) increases in a linear fashion with prolonged infusions of gemcitabine, and there is a strong relationship between intracellular

Long-term outcome with pentostatin treatment in hairy cell leukemia patients. A French retrospective study of 238 patients.

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With the introduction of new drugs such as alpha-interferon (IFN) and purine analogs, the management of hairy cell leukemia (HCL) patients has changed. However, deoxycoformycin (DCF) produced higher complete remission rates than IFN. The current study was undertaken to provide long-term data on

Use of propofol anesthesia during outpatient radiographic imaging studies in patients with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome.

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Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is a rare, x-linked, recessive disorder of purine metabolism resulting in hyperuricemia, spasticity, choreoathetosis, dystonia, self-injurious behavior, and aggression, without significant cognitive impairment. Anesthetic management of inpatients who demonstrate classic

Mycophenolate mofetil for maintenance therapy in kidney transplantation.

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Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is a new immunosuppressive drug that selectively inhibits de novo purine synthesis. It has been tested in three large double-blind controlled trials for the prevention of rejection in renal transplant patients. These studies indicate that the use of MMF dramatically

[Pyonephrosis due to xanthine stones in a bitch treated with allopurinol].

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A 2-year-old, neutered, crossbreed bitch was presented as an emergency with painful abdomen, fever and vomiting. The cause of the acute abdomen was a pyonephrosis of the left kidney, caused by four xanthine stones, which had blocked the ureter. After surgical removal of the heavily altered left

[Listeriosis of central nervous system in patients with ulcerative colitis - case study].

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In the recently an increase morbidity inflammatory bowel disease, including ulcerative colitis was observed. The use of purine analogs and their metabolites are associated with a higher incidence of infections in this group of patients. Listeriosis is an infectious disease caused by a relatively

Combination therapy with fludarabine and cyclophosphamide as salvage treatment in lymphoproliferative disorders.

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Seventeen patients (aged 50-85 years) with relapsed or refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL, 10 patients) or chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL, seven patients) were treated with a combination of fludarabine 25 mg/m2/d and cyclophosphamide 250 mg/m2/d for 3 d repeated every 4 weeks. 12 patients

Azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine for maintenance of surgically-induced remission in Crohn's disease.

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BACKGROUND Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory condition. Many patients fail to achieve remission with medical management and require surgical interventions. Purine analogues have been used to maintain surgically-induced remission in CD, but the effectiveness of these agents is

Continuous glucose monitoring: a valuable monitoring tool for management of hypoglycemia during chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

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BACKGROUND Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) maintenance therapy (MT) has been occasionally associated with symptomatic hypoglycemia (SH), attributed to purine analog (mercaptopurine [6-MP]). This hypoglycemia has been hypothesized to affect substrate utilization of gluconeogenic precursor alanine

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