An inflight, clinically-oriented investigation of SMS was begun on STS-4 and revealed the following: compared to motion sickness on Earth, autonomic signs are significantly different in space motion sickness (SMS) vs. motion sickness (MS) in that sweating is not present, pallor or flushing may be
An imbalanced Ca++-homeostasis in the inner ear was demonstrated using an animal model for Menière's disease (MD). An increase of Ca++ concentration in the endolymph, as well as in some cells of the inner ear tissue, causes a rise of osmotic pressure and decrease of electric potential. Based on
An increase in central blood volume in microgravity may result in increased plasma levels of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF). Since elevations in plasma ANF are found in clinical syndromes associated with edema, and since space motion sickness induced by microgravity is associated with an increase
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