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Expression of Drosophila trehalose-phosphate synthase in HEK-293 cells increases hypoxia tolerance.

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Increasing hypoxia tolerance in mammalian cells is potentially of major importance, but it has not been feasible thus far. The disaccharide trehalose, which accumulates dramatically during heat shock, enhances thermotolerance and reduces aggregation of denatured proteins. Previous studies from our

Role of trehalose phosphate synthase in anoxia tolerance and development in Drosophila melanogaster.

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Recent studies have shown that trehalose plays a protective role in yeast in a variety of stresses, including heat, freezing and thawing, dehydration, hyperosmotic shock, and oxidant injury. Because (a) heat shock and anoxia share mechanisms that allow organisms to survive, (b) Drosophila

Role of trehalose phosphate synthase and trehalose during hypoxia: from flies to mammals.

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Trehalose is a nonreducing disaccharide in which the two glucose units are linked in an alpha,alpha-1,1-glycosidic linkage. The best known and most widely distributed pathway of trehalose synthesis involves the transfer of glucose from UDP-glucose to glucose 6-phosphate to form trehalose-6-phosphate

Aerobic heat shock activates trehalose synthesis in embryos of Artemia franciscana.

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Encysted embryos (cysts) of the brine shrimp, Artemia franciscana, contain large amounts of trehalose which they use as a major substrate for energy metabolism and biosynthesis for development under aerobic conditions at 25 degrees C. When cysts are placed at 42 degrees C (heat shock) these pathways

Antioxidant defenses preserve membrane transport activity in Chironomus riparius larvae exposed to anoxia.

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Changes in enzyme activities, metabolite concentrations, and membrane transport activity underlying the Chironomus riparius larvae adaptive response to anoxia were investigated. Trehalose, malate, and aspartate degradation and alanine accumulation were recorded. During anoxia exposure, there was a

Heat dissipation during long-term anoxia in Artemia franciscana embryos: identification and fate of metabolic fuels.

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Microcalorimetric measurements of brine shrimp embryos during 6 days of anoxia indicated that heat dissipation was rapidly suppressed to 2.7% of control (aerobic) values over the first 9 h. Energy flow continued to decline slowly to 31 microW.g dry mass-1 (0.4% of control) during the subsequent 5.5

Trehalose in ophthalmology.

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Trehalose, a disaccharide of glucose, is a naturally occurring nontoxic and nonreducing bioactive sugar. Trehalose is synthetized by many organisms when cells are exposed to stressful conditions, including dehydration, heat, oxidation, hypoxia or even anoxia. Although trehalose is not synthesized by

Trehalose treatment accelerates the healing of UVB-irradiated corneas. Comparative immunohistochemical studies on corneal cryostat sections and corneal impression cytology.

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The UVB-irradiated cornea is damaged by oxidative stress. Toxic oxygen products induced by UVB radiation in the cornea are insufficiently removed by antioxidants, whose numbers decrease with increasing UVB irradiation. In addition, the UVB-irradiated cornea suffers from hypoxic conditions because

Inhibitory effects of compound DMBT on hypoxia-induced vasculogenic mimicry in human breast cancer.

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Breast cancer is one of the most serious malignant tumors that harm to women's health. Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is an alternative type of blood supplement independent of endothelial vessels, which refers to the formation of tumor cell-lined vessels and is associated with tumor invasion, metastasis

Trehalose attenuates renal ischemia-reperfusion injury by enhancing autophagy and inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation.

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Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is one of the most common acute kidney injuries, there is still a lack of effective treatment in the clinical setting. Trehalose (Tre), a naturally disaccharide, has been demonstrated to protect against oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. However,

Embryos of Artemia franciscana survive four years of continuous anoxia: the case for complete metabolic rate depression

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Encysted gastrula embryos of the crustacean Artemia franciscana have acquired an array of adaptations that enable them to survive a wide variety of environmental extremes.The present paper shows that at least 60 % survive 4 years of continuous anoxia at physiological temperatures (2023 °C)

Trehalose extends longevity in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.

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Trehalose is a disaccharide of glucose found in diverse organisms and is suggested to act as a stress protectant against heat, cold, desiccation, anoxia, and oxidation. Here, we demonstrate that treatment of Caenorhabditis elegans with trehalose starting from the young-adult stage extended the mean

Freeze-Dried Extracellular Vesicles From Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Prevent Hypoxia-Induced Muscle Cell Injury.

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Cellular therapies have tremendous potential for the successful treatment of major extremity wounds in the combat setting, however, the challenges associated with transplanting stem cells in the prolonged field care (PFC) environment are a critical barrier to progress in treating such injuries.

Differential gene expression by Moniliophthora roreri while overcoming cacao tolerance in the field.

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Frosty pod rot (FPR) of Theobroma cacao (cacao) is caused by the hemibiotrophic fungus Moniliophthora roreri. Cacao clones tolerant to FPR are being planted throughout Central America. To determine whether M. roreri shows a differential molecular response during successful infections of tolerant

Regulatory features of protein synthesis in isolated mitochondria from Artemia embryos.

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Optimal conditions were developed for measuring rates of protein synthesis in isolated mitochondria from encysted embryos of Artemia franciscana to 1) identify the required chemical constituents, 2) assess the influence of extramitochondrial pH on protein synthesis, and 3) investigate potential

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