Unsaturated fatty acid composition in serum phospholipids in patients in the acute phase of myocardial infarction.

A recent improvement of optimal cardiovascular therapy challenged the beneficial effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) observed in previous data.We sought to investigate the FAs composition in serum phospholipids in patients with established acute phase myocardial infarction (MI) and high-risk stable atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).We assessed 83 patients hospitalized within 12 hours from the onset of the first clinical symptoms of MI. As a control group, we assessed 74 high CV risk patients from the outpatient cardiology clinic with established stable ASCVD. We assessed the of serum FA composition in serum phospholipids in both groups using gas chromatography.Final analysis included 52 patients with acute MI and 74 high CV risk patients with established stable ASCVD. In both groups, saturated FAs composed the largest fraction of serum phospholipid FAs (Me=1574.67 μmol/l), followed by n-6 PUFAs (Me=1106.99 μmol/l). Total saturated FAs, total monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs), total n-6 PUFA and n-6/n-3 ratio significantly differed between the studied groups. Palmitic acid formed the largest fraction of serum phospholipids in in both MI and control group (31.9% and 31.16%, respectively). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that body mass index, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase, high sensitive C-reactive protein, palmitoleic and eicosadienoic acids were independent predictors of MI.We demonstrated a major differences in the FAs composition of serum phospholipids in patients with the acute MI vs. stable high-risk ASCVD. In multivariate analysis eicosadienoic and palmitoleic acids, aside from typical CV risk factors, were independent predictors of MI.