Agro-industrial Wastes for Production of Paclitaxel by Irradiated Aspergillus fumigatus under Solid-State Fermentation.

Paclitaxel is the most profitable drug ever developed in cancer chemotherapy; however, the yield of paclitaxel from microbial platforms is still far from the commercial purpose. Thus, this paper was conducted to explore the possibility of SSF for production of paclitaxel by fungal fermentation.

Different agro-industrial wastes were screened as solid substrates for production of paclitaxel by the endophytic Aspergillus fumigatus TXD105 under SSF. Sugarcane bagasse followed by wheat bran, and rice bran were the most suitable substrates for maximum production of paclitaxel. In the effort to increase the paclitaxel production, selection of the most proper moistening agent that supports the production of paclitaxel by the fungal strain was investigated. The effect of varying inoculum concentrations on the production of paclitaxel were also studied. Moreover, optimization of SSF conditions (moisture level, substrate concentrations, and nutrients concentration) was adopted using response surface methodology. SSF carried out under the optimum conditions of 20 g sugarcane bagasse, 2-fold nutrients concentration of the MM1D broth, 80% moisture level, and inoculum concentration of 10⁷ spores/mL intensified the paclitaxel concentration to 145·61 mg kg^-1 which represents a 10-fold increase. The production of paclitaxel by the fungal strain was further improved via exposure to UV and gamma radiation at specific doses. The paclitaxel concentrations were intensified following UV and gamma radiation to 209·91and 351·82 mg kg^-1 .

This is the first report on the production of paclitaxel using agro-industrial wastes as cheap source that may contribute in lowering the cost of producing paclitaxel.These findings offer new and alternate sources with excellent biotechnological potential for paclitaxel production by fungal fermentation.