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The Siberian wood frog Rana amurensis is a recently discovered example of extreme hypoxia tolerance that is able to survive several months without oxygen. We studied metabolomic profiles of heart and liver of R. amurensis exposed to 17 days of extreme hypoxia. Without oxygen, the studied tissues
Induction of discolored wood in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) trees by treatment with ethylene, carbon dioxide, nitrogen (hypoxia) or wounding from early April to late September was investigated. All treatments induced formation of discolored wood upward and downward from the drill hole. The
BACKGROUND
Maternal exposure to wood fuel smoke may lead to impaired fetal growth due to hypoxia and or oxidative stress from smoke constituents such as carbon monoxide and particulate matter.
OBJECTIVE
We studied the risk of low birth weight (LBW) and reduced mean birth weight in relation to
Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous free radical that in diverse organisms performs many signaling and protective functions, such as vasoregulation, inhibition of apoptosis, antioxidation, and metabolic suppression. Increased availability of NO may be especially important during life-history periods when
Few of the amphibian species that occur in the Subarctic and in mountains are adapted to low sub-zero temperatures; most of these species overwinter underwater. It is believed that the distribution of the species that overwinter underwater can be limited by the low oxygen levels in waterbodies
Background
Fungal decomposition of wood is considered as a strictly aerobic process. However, recent findings on wood-decaying fungi to produce ethanol from various lignocelluloses under oxygen-depleted conditions lead us to question this. We designed gene expression study of the
The common wood frog, Rana sylvatica, utilizes freeze tolerance as a means of winter survival. Concealed beneath a layer of leaf litter and blanketed by snow, these frogs withstand subzero temperatures by allowing approximately 65-70% of total body water to freeze. Freezing is generally considered
The wood frog (Rana sylvatica) is one of only a few vertebrate species that can survive extensive freezing of its body fluids during the winter. The mechanisms of natural freeze tolerance include metabolic rate depression to conserve energy and the implementation of cryoprotective strategies,
During the first few hours of freezing the cardiovascular system must distribute cryoprotectant throughout the body of freeze-tolerant frogs. This study presents initial documentation of the changes in heart rate of wood frogs (Rana sylvatica) during nonlethal freezing. Heart rate was determined by
The wood frog (Rana sylvatica) exhibits a well-developed natural anoxia and dehydration tolerance. The degree of stress tolerance depends on numerous biochemical adaptations, including stress-induced hypometabolism that helps to preserve long-term viability by reducing ATP demand. We hypothesized
To elucidate potential dose-dependent mechanisms associated with wood smoke inhalation injury, the present study evaluated antioxidant status and the extent of pulmonary injury in sheep after graded exposure to smoke. Adult, male sheep (n=4-5 per group) were anesthetized and received 0, 5, 10 or 16
This study was designed to evaluate 2 combinations for immobilization of bison. Seven wood bison received 1.5 mg/kg body weight (BW) of xylazine HCl + 1.5 mg/kg BW of zolazepam HCl and 1.5 mg/kg BW of tiletamine HCl on one occasion. The bison received 60 micrograms/kg BW of medetomidine HCl + 0.6
Natural freezing survival by wood frogs (Rana sylvatica) involves multiple organ-specific changes in gene expression. Screening of a cDNA library made from brain of frozen frogs revealed freeze-responsive up-regulation of the glycolytic enzyme, phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1). Northern blots showed
Wood frogs (Rana sylvatica LeConte) are the major model for studies of natural freeze tolerance by ectothermic vertebrates. Multiple biochemical adaptations support winter freezing survival but, to date, the protective role of chaperone proteins has received little attention. The present study
We evaluated the effects of freezing, dehydration and anoxia stresses on muscle PP-1 activity in the freeze-tolerant amphibian, Rana sylvatica. In addition, PP-1 catalytic subunit (PP-1c) was purified to homogeneity to assess the biochemical properties of the enzyme from a freeze-tolerant