enterocolitis/protease

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Higher cord blood levels of mannose-binding lectin-associated serine protease-2 in infants with necrotising enterocolitis.

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Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) causes significant morbidity and mortality in premature infants. The role of innate immunity in the pathogenesis of NEC remains unclear. Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) recognizes microorganisms and activates the complement system via MBL-associated serine protease-2

The role of serine protease HtrA in acute ulcerative enterocolitis and extra-intestinal immune responses during Campylobacter jejuni infection of gnotobiotic IL-10 deficient mice.

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Campylobacter jejuni infections have a high prevalence worldwide and represent a significant socioeconomic burden. C. jejuni can cross the intestinal epithelial barrier as visualized in biopsies derived from human patients and animal models, however, the underlying molecular mechanisms and

Protease Activity of Campylobacter jejuni HtrA Modulates Distinct Intestinal and Systemic Immune Responses in Infected Secondary Abiotic IL-10 Deficient Mice.

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Even though human Campylobacter jejuni infections are progressively increasing worldwide, the underlying molecular mechanisms of pathogen-host-interactions are still not fully understood. We have recently shown that the secreted serine protease HtrA plays a key role in C. jejuni

Pancreatic exocrine function and necrotising enterocolitis.

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Pancreatic protease deficiency may be an aetiological factor in enteritis necroticans, a disease sharing some features of necrotising enterocolitis (NEC). Using faecal chymotrypsin measurement we have prospectively studied pancreatic exocrine function in infants at risk of NEC. No significant

Digested formula but not digested fresh human milk causes death of intestinal cells in vitro: implications for necrotizing enterocolitis.

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BACKGROUND Premature infants fed formula are more likely to develop necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) than those who are breastfed, but the mechanisms of intestinal necrosis in NEC and protection by breast milk are unknown. We hypothesized that after lipase digestion, formula, but not fresh breast

Ulinastatin Reduces the Severity of Intestinal Damage in the Neonatal Rat Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis.

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BACKGROUND Ulinastatin is a protease inhibitor derived from urine that has shown anti-inflammatory effects in human disease, including in sepsis. Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a common gastrointestinal disease in premature infants. Our aim was to explore the effects of ulinastatin on a neonatal

Bacteroides fragilis Strain ZY-312 Defense against Cronobacter sakazakii-Induced Necrotizing Enterocolitis In Vitro and in a Neonatal Rat Model.

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Cronobacter sakazakii is an important pathogen associated with the development of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), infant sepsis, and meningitis. Several randomized prospective clinical trials demonstrated that oral probiotics could decrease the incidence of NEC. Previously, we isolated and

The impact of serine protease HtrA in apoptosis, intestinal immune responses and extra-intestinal histopathology during Campylobacter jejuni infection of infant mice.

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BACKGROUND Campylobacter jejuni has emerged as a leading cause of bacterial enterocolitis. The serine protease HtrA has been shown to be a pivotal, novel C. jejuni virulence factor involved in cell invasion and transmigration across polarised epithelial cells in vitro. However, the functional

Increased protease activated receptors in the colon of patients with Hirschsprung's disease.

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The pathophysiology of Hirschsprung's associated enterocolitis (HAEC) is not understood. Abnormal intestinal motility and altered intestinal epithelial barrier function have been suggested to play a key role in the causation of HAEC. Protease-activated receptors (PARs) 1 and 2, have

Probiotics prevent necrotizing enterocolitis by modulating enterocyte genes that regulate innate immune-mediated inflammation.

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Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), an extensive intestinal inflammatory disease of premature infants, is caused, in part, by an excessive inflammatory response to initial bacterial colonization due to the immature expression of innate immune response genes. In a randomized placebo-controlled clinical

CP-96,345, a substance P antagonist, inhibits rat intestinal responses to Clostridium difficile toxin A but not cholera toxin.

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Toxin A from Clostridium difficile mediates acute inflammatory enterocolitis in experimental animals, while cholera toxin causes noninflammatory secretory diarrhea. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether an antagonist to the peptide substance P, a constituent of primary sensory neurons

Intestinal secretory factor released by macrophages stimulated with Clostridium difficile toxin A: role of interleukin 1beta.

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Clostridium difficile toxin A is associated with enterocolitis in animals and humans. However, the mechanisms of its secretory and damaging effects are not totally understood. In this work, we examined the intestinal secretion of electrolytes and water caused by supernatants from macrophages

Effect of digestion and storage of human milk on free fatty acid concentration and cytotoxicity.

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OBJECTIVE Fat is digested in the intestine into free fatty acids (FFAs), which are detergents and therefore toxic to cells at micromolar concentration. The mucosal barrier protects cells in the adult intestine, but this barrier may not be fully developed in premature infants. Lipase-digested infant

The role of plasma high molecular weight kininogen in experimental intestinal and systemic inflammation.

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Inflammation is accompanied by activation of the plasma kallikrein-kinin system (KKS). KKS activation has been demonstrated in a variety of inflammatory human diseases. To further explore the participation of KKS in arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease, we used two experimental animal models in

The role of plasma high molecular weight kininogen in experimental intestinal and systemic inflammation.

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