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Glutathione and homoglutathione synthesis in legume root nodules.

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High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection was used to study thiol metabolism in legume nodules. Glutathione (GSH) was the major non-protein thiol in all indeterminate nodules examined, as well as in the determinate nodules of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), whereas

Transcriptome Profiling Identifies Candidate Genes Associated with the Accumulation of Distinct Sulfur γ-Glutamyl Dipeptides in Phaseolus vulgaris and Vigna mungo Seeds.

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Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and black gram (Vigna mungo) accumulate γ-Glutamyl-S-methylcysteine and γ-Glutamyl-methionine in seed, respectively. Transcripts were profiled by 454 pyrosequencing data at a similar developmental stage coinciding with the beginning of the accumulation of these

Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Accumulates Most S-Methylcysteine as Its γ-Glutamyl Dipeptide.

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The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) constitutes an excellent source of vegetable dietary protein. However, there are sub-optimal levels of the essential amino acids, methionine and cysteine. On the other hand, P. vulgaris accumulates large amounts of the γ-glutamyl dipeptide of

Ascorbate and homoglutathione metabolism in common bean nodules under stress conditions and during natural senescence.

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Ascorbate and glutathione are major antioxidants and redox buffers in plant cells but also play key functions in growth, development, and stress responses. We have studied the regulation of ascorbate and homoglutathione biosynthesis in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) nodules under stress conditions

Root uptake, transport, and metabolism of externally applied glutathione in Phaseolus vulgaris seedlings.

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The most abundant thiol in beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Saxa) is the tripeptide homoglutathione (hGSH) rather than glutathione (GSH). At the whole-plant level the GSH content is less than 0.5% of the hGSH content. In the present study GSH was supplied to the roots of bean seedlings to test

Stress-induced legume root nodule senescence. Physiological, biochemical, and structural alterations.

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Nitrate-fed and dark-stressed bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and pea (Pisum sativum) plants were used to study nodule senescence. In bean, 1 d of nitrate treatment caused a partially reversible decline in nitrogenase activity and an increase in O(2) diffusion resistance, but minimal changes in carbon

Glutathione and elicitation of the phytoalexin response in legume cell cultures.

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Both reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione elicited the phytoalexin response in cell-suspension cultures of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) but had no effect in those of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). In bean cells, homoglutathione (HGSH) was the predominant soluble thiol and treatment of

The antioxidants of legume nodule mitochondria.

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The mitochondria of legume root nodules are critical to sustain the energy-intensive process of nitrogen fixation. They also generate reactive oxygen species at high rates and thus require the protection of antioxidant enzymes and metabolites. We show here that highly purified mitochondria from bean

Accumulation and detoxification of lead ions in legumes.

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This study focuses on lead accumulation in roots, stems and leaves of three plant species of the Fabacea family: Vicia faba, Pisum sativum and Phaseolus vulgaris grown hydroponically in a medium supplemented with 1 mM concentration of lead. The largest amount of lead, up to 75 mg Pb/g dry weight,

Deciphering S-methylcysteine biosynthesis in common bean by isotopic tracking with mass spectrometry.

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The suboptimal content of sulfur-containing amino acids methionine and cysteine prevents common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) from being an excellent source of protein. Nutritional improvements to this significant crop require a better understanding of the biosynthesis of sulfur-containing compounds

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