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Modeling of cooked starch digestion process using recombinant human pancreatic α-amylase and maltase-glucoamylase for in vitro evaluation of α-glucosidase inhibitors.

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In human, digestion of cooked starch mainly involves breaking down of α-amylase to α-limit dextrins and small linear malto-oligosaccharides, which are in turn hydrolyzed to glucose by the gut mucosal maltase-glucoamylase (MGAM). Human pancreatic α-amylase (HPA), amino- and carboxyl-terminal portions

Inhibitory activities of Ulva lactuca polysaccharides on digestive enzymes related to diabetes and obesity.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of alga Ulva lactuca polysaccharides (ULPS) on key enzymes related to diabetes and obesity. This marine natural product, ULPS, exerted potential inhibition on key enzymes related to starch digestion and absorption in both plasma and small intestine

Antiobesity and antidiabetic actions of a new potent disaccharidase inhibitor in genetically obese-diabetic mice, KKA(y).

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AO-128 is a potent and structurally novel inhibitor of the intestinal disaccharidases, such as maltase and sucrase. Genetically obese-diabetic mice, KKA(y), were used to examine the acute or long-term effectiveness of this compound. AO-128 decreased a postprandial rise in blood glucose after sucrose

Octreotide alleviates obesity by reducing intestinal glucose absorption and inhibiting low-grade inflammation.

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OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of octreotide, a somatostatin (SST) analog with anti-inflammatory effects, on the digestive and absorptive functions of jejunum in rats fed a high-fat diet, as well as its therapeutic prospects for diet-induced obesity. METHODS Rats were divided into three groups

Mechanistic Pathway on Human α-Glucosidase Maltase-Glucoamylase Unveiled by QM/MM Calculations.

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The excessive consumption of starch in human diets is associated with highly prevalent chronic metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and obesity. α-Glucosidase enzymes contribute to the digestion of starch into glucose and are thus attractive therapeutic targets for diabetes. Given that the

Effect of adrenalectomy on the activity of small intestine enzymes in monosodium glutamate obese rats.

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It is well known that adrenalectomy (ADX) reverses the eating and energy balance disturbances in a variety of models of obesity associated with elevated food intake. We have previously demonstrated enhanced functional activity in the small intestine of neonatally monosodium glutamate-treated (MSG)

Consumption of Mesona chinensis attenuates postprandial glucose and improves antioxidant status induced by a high carbohydrate meal in overweight subjects.

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Edible plants constitute a potential source for controlling postprandial hyperglycemia and oxidative stress. The objective of this study was to investigate in vitro antioxidant and intestinal α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of Mesona chinensis (MC). In addition, the acute effect of MC on

[Impact of high-fat diet induced obesity on glucose absorption in small intestinal mucose in rats].

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OBJECTIVE To investigate whether high-fat diet induced obesity was associated with variation of glucose absorption in small intestinal mucosa of rats. METHODS 46 male SD rats were randomly divided into high-fat diet group (n = 31) and control group (n = 15), fed with high-fat diet and normal diet

Small-intestinal and colonic changes after biliopancreatic bypass for morbid obesity.

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Morphologic and functional adaptations of the functioning intestine were evaluated in 41 patients before and after biliopancreatic bypass for morbid obesity. This surgical procedure diverts pancreatobiliary secretions via the duodenum and the jejunum into the colon, the remaining small intestine

Effects of octreotide on glucose transporter type 2 expression in obese rat small intestine.

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OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of the somatostatin analogue, octreotide, on maltose and sucrase activities and expression of glucose transporter type 2 (GLUT2) in obese rat intestinal mucosa. METHODS We divided 49 Sprague-Dawley rats into a group of 31 high fat diet-induced obese rats and a

Effect of dietary carbohydrate and phenotype on sucrase, maltase, lactase, and alkaline phosphatase specific activity in SHR/N-cp rat.

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The obese spontaneous hypertensive rat/NIH-corpulent (SHR/N-cp) rat exhibits some of the metabolic and pathologic alterations associated with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and hypertension. The current study was conducted to investigate the influence of phenotype (ob versus In) and source

Effect of a high-dextrose diet on sucrase and lactase activity in jejunum of obese mice (C57BL/6J obob).

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The activities of intestinal disaccharidases are known to be responsive to changes in the dietary intake of carbohydrates in the adult rat. Little is known, however, regarding the activities of these enzymes in obese subjects and how they are affected by differing carbohydrate intakes. To evaluate

Mapping the intestinal alpha-glucogenic enzyme specificities of starch digesting maltase-glucoamylase and sucrase-isomaltase.

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Inhibition of intestinal α-glucosidases and pancreatic α-amylases is an approach to controlling blood glucose and serum insulin levels in individuals with Type II diabetes. The two human intestinal glucosidases are maltase-glucoamylase and sucrase-isomaltase. Each incorporates two family 31

AO-128, alpha-glucosidase inhibitor: antiobesity and antidiabetic actions in genetically obese-diabetic rats, Wistar fatty.

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Antiobesity and antidiabetic actions of the alpha-glucosidase inhibitor AO-128 were examined using genetically obese-diabetic rats, Wistar fatty. Ten-week-old, male fatty rats were kept on CE-2 diet containing 10 or 25 ppm of AO-128 for 4 weeks. The average drug intake was calculated to be 0.74 or

Gastrointestinal adaptation following small bowel bypass for obesity.

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Small intestinal morphologic and biochemical changes were studied following jejuno-ileal bypass for obesity after body weight stabilization had occurred. Four patients underwent biopsy of in-continuity and bypassed jejunal and ileal segments of the small intestine 11 to 22 months after the bypass

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