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Passive exposure to tobacco smoke and bacterial meningitis in children.

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OBJECTIVE To determine whether an association exists between passive exposure to tobacco smoke and bacterial meningitis in childhood, in an Australian population. METHODS A retrospective, case-controlled telephone survey of the parents of 71 children admitted to the Women's and Children's Hospital,

Relation between passive tobacco smoke exposure and the development of bacterial meningitis in children.

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BACKGROUND The adverse effects of passive smoking have received wide attention in recent years. Although a number of childhood illnesses are known to be affected by exposure to tobacco smoke, to date the medical literature is silent about the effect of tobacco smoke on the development of bacterial

Risk factors for meningococcal meningitis in northern Ghana.

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Meningococcal meningitis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the meningitis belt of sub-Saharan Africa where it occurs in epidemics every 8-12 years. Risk factors for the disease in this setting remain largely unknown. We carried out a case-control study to investigate possible risk

Vitamin B6 reduces hippocampal apoptosis in experimental pneumococcal meningitis.

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BACKGROUND Bacterial meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae leads to death in up to 30% of patients and leaves up to half of the survivors with neurological sequelae. The inflammatory host reaction initiates the induction of the kynurenine pathway and contributes to hippocampal apoptosis, a

Unexpected non-seasonal increase of bacterial meningitis cases in Georgia in 2009.

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In summer of 2009, During the period of 20-June - 31-August in total 32 patients with the clinical diagnosis of bacterial meningitis were hospitalized in two hospitals of Tbilisi (Center for Infectious Pathologies and Iashvili Child Clinic). Within a week's time (13 July-19 July) 9 persons with

Enhanced Escherichia coli invasion of human brain microvascular endothelial cells is associated with alternations in cytoskeleton induced by nicotine.

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Although epidemiological studies have shown that exposure to tobacco smoking significantly increases the risk of bacterial meningitis, heretofore the pathogenic effects of smoking on this disease have been poorly understood. In order to dissect this issue, we have investigated the effects of

Tobacco use increases susceptibility to bacterial infection.

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Active smokers and those exposed to secondhand smoke are at increased risk of bacterial infection. Tobacco smoke exposure increases susceptibility to respiratory tract infections, including tuberculosis, pneumonia and Legionnaires disease; bacterial vaginosis and sexually transmitted diseases, such

Nicotine Reduces Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cell Response to Escherichia coli K1 Infection by Inhibiting Autophagy

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Studies have shown that exposure to environmental tobacco smoke can increase the risk of bacterial meningitis, and nicotine is the core component of environmental tobacco smoke. Autophagy is an important way for host cells to eliminate invasive pathogens and resist infection. Escherichia coli

Strategies for the control of pneumococcal diseases.

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Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is a Gram-positive, encapsulated bacteria that is a major cause of human disease in people of all ages. It is the most important cause of bacterial pneumonia in infancy, childhood and adult life, and the most important cause of meningitis in all age groups

Expression and purification of SfaX(II), a protein involved in regulating adhesion and motility genes in extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli.

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Pathogenic Escherichia coli strains commonly harbor genes involved in formation of fimbriae, such as the sfa(II) fimbrial gene cluster found in uropathogenic and newborn meningitis isolates. The sfaX(II) gene, located at the distal end of the sfa(II) operon, was recently shown to play a role in

Role of nasal endoscopy in chronic osteomyelitis of maxilla and zygoma: a case report.

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Osteomyelitis of the jaws was relatively common before the era of antibiotic therapy and preventive and restorative dentistry. Osteomyelitis is an acute or chronic inflammatory process that can involve cortical and trabecular aspects of bone or bone marrow. Cranial bones are infrequently involved,

A comparison of meningococcal carriage by pregnancy status.

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Neisseria meningitidis is the second leading cause of invasive meningitis. A prerequisite for infection is colonization of the nasopharynx, and asymptomatic carrier rates are widely reported in the range of 10-15%. Recent reports have indicated an increased likelihood that a pediatric admission for

[Severe pulmonary and meningeal cryptococcosis in an immunocompetent Cambodian].

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A chest x-ray showing a large tumor-like opacity in the left lower lobe and endoscopy visualizing a budding mass suggested a diagnosis of bronchial carcinoma in a 55-year old, tobacco-smoking Cambodian who consulted for hemoptysis and altered general status. Histological study of bronchial biopsies

Factors that Affect Postoperative Hydrocephalus Development in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Clinical Study.

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OBJECTIVE Factors affecting the development of postoperative hydrocephalus patients who underwent surgery after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage were retrospectively assessed. METHODS 201 cases, who underwent aneurysm surgery in our clinic after subarachnoid hemorrhage between 2008 and 2013, were

Particle exposures and infections.

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Particle exposures increase the risk for human infections. Particles can deposit in the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and distal lung and, accordingly, the respiratory tract is the system most frequently infected after such exposure; however, meningitis also occurs. Cigarette smoking,

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