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Dietary interesterified fat enriched with palmitic acid induces atherosclerosis by impairing macrophage cholesterol efflux and eliciting inflammation.

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Interesterified fats are currently being used to replace trans fatty acids. However, their impact on biological pathways involved in the atherosclerosis development was not investigated. Weaning male LDLr-KO mice were fed for 16weeks on a high-fat diet (40% energy as fat) containing polyunsaturated

Palmitic acid induces interleukin-1β secretion via NLRP3 inflammasomes and inflammatory responses through ROS production in human placental cells.

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Maternal obesity, a major risk factor for adverse pregnancy complications, results in inflammatory cytokine release in the placenta. Levels of free fatty acids are elevated in the plasma of obese human. These fatty acids include obesity-related palmitic acids, which is a major saturated fatty acid,

Palmitic Acid Induces Müller Cell Inflammation that is Potentiated by Co-treatment with Glucose.

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Chronic hyperglycemia is thought to be the major stimulator of retinal dysfunction in diabetic retinopathy (DR). Thus, many diabetes-related systemic factors have been overlooked as inducers of DR pathology. Cell culture models of retinal cell types are frequently used to mechanistically study DR,

Sulforaphane modulates CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis and inflammation in palmitic acid-induced cell injury in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells

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Studies have shown that sulforaphane (SFN) has potent anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenging effects on obesity and associated disorder such as diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome, and metabolic syndrome. fractalkine (CX3CL1) and its receptor, CX3CR1, play an important role in muscle

Downregulation of growth arrest‑specific transcript 5 alleviates palmitic acid‑induced myocardial inflammatory injury through the miR‑26a/HMGB1/NF‑κB axis.

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Palmitic acid (PA) can induce lipotoxic damage to cardiomyocytes, although its precise mechanism of action has not been completely elucidated. Growth arrest‑specific transcript 5 (GAS5) is a long noncoding RNA that serves a regulatory role in several pathological processes, including tumorigenesis,

Effects of 1α,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D3 on Pro-inflammatory Cytokines of Palmitic Acid Treated Thp-1 Cells.

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The level of saturated fatty acids, such as palmitic acid (PA), correlates with chronic inflammation in obese and metabolic syndrome patients. However, low level of vitamin D3 is observed in those conditions. The aim of this study is to investigate effects of 1α,25(OH)2 D3 on PA-treated THP-1 cells.

Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 1 mediates the palmitic acid-induced inflammatory response in human aortic endothelial cells

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Saturated fatty acid (SFA) induces pro-inflammatory response through a toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated mechanism, which is associated with cardiometabolic diseases such as obesity, insulin resistance, and endothelial dysfunction. Consistent with this notion, TLR2 or TLR4 knock-out mice are

Palmitic acid aggravates inflammation of pancreatic acinar cells by enhancing unfolded protein response induced CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein β-CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein α activation.

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Hypertriglyceridemia is an independent risk factor for acute pancreatitis, in which the pathological mechanisms are not fully illustrated. Intracellular inflammatory response is a key pathological response in acute pancreatitis and endoplasmic reticulum stress has been suggested to induce

Palmitic Acid Targets Human Testicular Peritubular Cells and Causes a Pro-Inflammatory Response

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Palmitic acid (PA) is a major fatty acid, derived from diet and endogenous production, which is being linked to inflammation. While such actions of PA at the level of the testis remain difficult to examine, we reasoned that studies in human testicular cells may be instructive. Human testicular

Palmitic acid induces inflammation in placental trophoblasts and impairs their migration toward smooth muscle cells through plasminogen activator inhibitor-1

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A critical component of early human placental development includes migration of extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) into the decidua. EVTs migrate toward and displace vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) surrounding several uterine structures, including spiral arteries. Shallow trophoblast invasion

Tibolone attenuates inflammatory response by palmitic acid and preserves mitochondrial membrane potential in astrocytic cells through estrogen receptor beta.

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Palmitic acid (PA) induces several metabolic and molecular changes in astrocytes, and, it is involved in pathological conditions related to neurodegenerative diseases. Previously, we demonstrated that tibolone, a synthetic steroid with estrogenic, progestogenic and androgenic actions, protects cells

Oleic acid ameliorates palmitic acid-induced ER stress and inflammation markers in naive and cerulein-treated exocrine pancreas cells.

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Dietary fat overload (typical to obesity) increases the risk of pancreatic pathologies through mechanisms yet to be defined. We previously showed that saturated dietary fat induces pancreatic acinar lipotoxicity and cellular stress. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of exocrine pancreas cells is highly

Docosahexaenoic acid antagonizes the boosting effect of palmitic acid on LPS inflammatory signaling by inhibiting gene transcription and ceramide synthesis.

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It is well known that saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and unsaturated fatty acid, in particular omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), have different effects on inflammatory signaling: SFAs are pro-inflammatory but n-3 PUFAs have strong anti-inflammatory properties. We have reported that

Acid sphingomyelinase plays a key role in palmitic acid-amplified inflammatory signaling triggered by lipopolysaccharide at low concentrations in macrophages.

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Periodontal disease is more prevalent and severe in patients with diabetes than in nondiabetic patients. In addition to diabetes, a large number of studies have demonstrated an association between obesity and chronic periodontal disease. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been well

Inhibition of protein kinase R protects against palmitic acid-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis through the JNK/NF-kB/NLRP3 pathway in cultured H9C2 cardiomyocytes.

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OBJECTIVE Double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) is a critical regulator of apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation under hyperlipidemic and insulin resistance conditions. Saturated free fatty acids, such as palmitic acid (PA), are known inducers of apoptosis in numerous cell

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