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Oryza sativa polyamine oxidase 1 back-converts tetraamines, spermine and thermospermine, to spermidine.

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CONCLUSIONS Oryza sativa polyamine oxidase 1 back-converts spermine (or thermospermine) to spermidine. Considering the previous work, major path of polyamine catabolism in rice plant is suggestive to be back-conversion but not terminal catabolism. Rice (Oryza sativa) contains seven genes encoding

Constitutively and highly expressed Oryza sativa polyamine oxidases localize in peroxisomes and catalyze polyamine back conversion.

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Polyamine oxidases (PAOs) are FAD-dependent enzymes involved in polyamine (PA) catabolism. Recent studies have revealed that plant PAOs are not only active in the terminal catabolism of PAs as demonstrated for maize apoplastic PAO but also in a polyamine back-conversion pathway as shown for most

Polyamine oxidase 7 is a terminal catabolism-type enzyme in Oryza sativa and is specifically expressed in anthers.

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Polyamine oxidase (PAO), which requires FAD as a cofactor, functions in polyamine catabolism. Plant PAOs are classified into two groups based on their reaction modes. The terminal catabolism (TC) reaction always produces 1,3-diaminopropane (DAP), H2O2, and the respective aldehydes, while the

Expression of a heterologous S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase cDNA in plants demonstrates that changes in S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase activity determine levels of the higher polyamines spermidine and spermine.

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We posed the question of whether steady-state levels of the higher polyamines spermidine and spermine in plants can be influenced by overexpression of a heterologous cDNA involved in the later steps of the pathway, in the absence of any further manipulation of the two synthases that are also

Ethylene-Induced Polyamine Accumulation in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Coleoptiles.

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Effects of ethylene on free polyamine biosynthesis in rice (Oryza sativa L. cv Taichung Native 1) coleoptiles were investigated in sealed and aerobic conditions. In sealed conditions, putrescine increased significantly and coincided with ethylene accumulation. Application of ethylene in sealed

A group of chromosomal proteins is specifically released by spermine and loses DNA-binding activity upon phosphorylation.

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Biologically relevant concentrations as low as 500 microM spermine led to the specific release of chromatin-associated proteins from nuclei of rice (Oryza sativa) seedlings. Using a southwestern technique, it was shown that several of these proteins bind DNA. This affinity was lost upon in organello

Increased polyamine biosynthesis enhances stress tolerance by preventing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species: T-DNA mutational analysis of Oryza sativa lysine decarboxylase-like protein 1.

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A highly oxidative stress-tolerant japonica rice line was isolated by T-DNA insertion mutation followed by screening in the presence of 50 mM H(2)O(2). The T-DNA insertion was mapped to locus Os09g0547500, the gene product of which was annotated as lysine decarboxylase-like protein (GenBank

The Spermine Synthase OsSPMS1 Regulates Seed Germination, Grain Size, and Yield.

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Polyamines, including putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd), and spermine (Spm), play essential roles in a wide variety of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Rice (Oryza sativa) contains four putative spermidine/spermine synthase (SPMS)-encoding genes (OsSPMS1, OsSPMS2, OsSPMS3, and OsACAULIS5), but

Spermine accumulation under salt stress.

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Polyamines have long been recognized to be linked to stress situations, and it is generally accepted that they have protective characteristics. However, little is known about their physiological relevance in plants subjected to long-term salt stress. In order to precise their importance, two rice

Protective role of exogenous polyamines on salinity-stressed rice (Oryza sativa) plants.

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Salt-tolerant Pokkali rice plants accumulate higher polyamines (PAs) such as spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm) in response to salinity stress, while the sensitive cultivarM-1-48 is unable to maintain high titres of these PAs under similar conditions. The effects of the triamine Spd and the

Growth Inhibition in Suspension-Cultured Rice Cells under Phosphate Deprivation Is Mediated through Putrescine Accumulation.

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The effects of phosphate deprivation on the growth and polyamine levels of suspension-cultured rice (Oryza sativa) cells were investigated. When rice suspension cells were deprived of phosphate, cell growth was markedly inhibited. Phosphate deprivation resulted in a higher putrescine level and lower

The effect of submergence, ethylene and gibberellin on polyamines and their biosynthetic enzymes in deepwater-rice internodes.

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Submergence and treatment with ethylene or gibberellic acid (GA3) stimulates rapid growth in internodes of deepwater rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. "Habiganj Aman II"). This growth is based on greatly enhanced rate of cell-division activity in the intercalary meristem (IM) and on increased cell

Involvement of polyamines in the post-anthesis development of inferior and superior spikelets in rice.

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Early-flowered superior spikelets usually exhibit a faster grain filling rate and heavier grain weight than late-flowered inferior spikelets in rice (Oryza sativa L.). But the intrinsic factors responsible for the variations between the two types of spikelets are unclear. This study investigated

Genomic organization of plant aminopropyl transferases.

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Aminopropyl transferases like spermidine synthase (SPDS; EC 2.5.1.16), spermine synthase and thermospermine synthase (SPMS, tSPMS; EC 2.5.1.22) belong to a class of widely distributed enzymes that use decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine as an aminopropyl donor and putrescine or spermidine as an

Polyamines in Rice Seedlings under Oxygen-Deficit Stress.

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Incubation of 3-d-old seedlings of Oryza sativa L. cv Arborio under anaerobic conditions, leads to a large increase in the titer of free putrescine while aerobic incubation causes a slight decrease. After 2 days, the putrescine level is about 2.5 times greater without oxygen than in air. The rice

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