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A Tyrosine Aminomutase from Rice (Oryza sativa) Isomerizes (S)-α- to (R)-β-Tyrosine with Unique High Enantioselectivity and Retention of Configuration.

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A recently discovered 3,5-dihydro-5-methylidene-4H-imidazol-4-one (MIO)-dependent tyrosine aminomutase (OsTAM) from rice [Yan, J., et al. (2015) Plant Cell 27, 1265] converts (S)-α-tyrosine to a mixture of (R)- and (S)-β-tyrosines, with high (94%) enantiomeric excess, which does not change with pH,

Mutation of Aryl Binding Pocket Residues Results in an Unexpected Activity Switch in an Oryza sativa Tyrosine Aminomutase.

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Understanding Which Residues of the Active Site and Loop Structure of a Tyrosine Aminomutase Define Its Mutase and Lyase Activities.

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Site-directed mutations and substrate analogues were used to gain insights into the branch-point reaction of the 3,5-dihydro-5-methylidene-4 H-imidazol-4-one (MIO)-tyrosine aminomutase from Oryza sativa ( OsTAM). Exchanging the active residues of OsTAM (Y125C/N446K) for those in a phenylalanine

Differences in the sensitivity to UVB radiation of two cultivars of rice (Oryza sativa L.) based on observation of long-lived radicals.

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Free radicals with a long lifetime were observed in the leaves of two rice cultivars (Oryza sativa L.), Sasanishiki (UVB resistant) and Norin-1 (UVB sensitive), by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. The leaves of both cultivars grown with visible light show very similar ESR spectra composed of

Identification of an essential tyrosine residue in the catalytic site of a chitinase isolated from Zea mays that is selectively modified during inactivation with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide.

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Chitinase isolated from Zea mays seeds is inactivated by 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) in the absence of exogenous nucleophiles. Oligomers of N-acetylglucosamine,N,N',N",N"'-tetra-N-acetylchitotetraose (GlcNAc4), and to a lesser extent, N,N',N"-tri-N-acetylchitotriose (GlcNAc3)

Identification of β-phenylalanine as a non-protein amino acid in cultivated rice, Oryza sativa.

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Non-protein amino acids, often analogs of the standard 20 protein amino acids, have been discovered in many plant species. Recent research with cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) identified (3R)-β-tyrosine, as well as a tyrosine amino mutase that synthesizes (3R)-β-tyrosine from the protein amino acid

The Tyrosine Aminomutase TAM1 Is Required for β-Tyrosine Biosynthesis in Rice.

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Non-protein amino acids, often isomers of the standard 20 protein amino acids, have defense-related functions in many plant species. A targeted search for jasmonate-induced metabolites in cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) identified (R)-β-tyrosine, an isomer of the common amino acid (S)-α-tyrosine in

Cold sensitivity in rice (Oryza sativa L.) is strongly correlated with a naturally occurring I99V mutation in the multifunctional glutathione transferase isoenzyme GSTZ2.

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GSTZs [Zeta class GSTs (glutathione transferases)] are multifunctional enzymes that belong to a highly conserved subfamily of soluble GSTs found in species ranging from fungi and plants to animals. GSTZs are known to function as MAAIs [MAA (maleylacetoacetate) isomerases], which play a role in

Influence of cadmium stress on root exudates of high cadmium accumulating rice line (Oryza sativa L.).

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A hydroponic experiment with two different cadmium (Cd) accumulating rice lines of Lu527-8 (the high Cd accumulating rice line) and Lu527-4 (the normal rice line) was carried out to explore the links among Cd stress, root exudates and Cd accumulation. The results showed that (1) Cd stress increased

A PCR-based marker for a locus conferring the aroma in Myanmar rice (Oryza sativa L.).

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Aromatic rice is an important commodity for international trade, which has encouraged the interest of rice breeders to identify the genetic control of rice aroma. The recessive Os2AP gene, which is located on chromosome 8, has been reported to be associated with rice aroma. The 8-bp deletion in exon

Root metabolic response of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes with contrasting tolerance to zinc deficiency and bicarbonate excess.

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Plants are routinely subjected to multiple environmental stresses that constrain growth. Zinc (Zn) deficiency and high bicarbonate are two examples that co-occur in many soils used for rice production. Here, the utility of metabolomics in diagnosing the effect of each stress alone and in combination

[Isolation of ABA-regulated genes in Oryza sativa through fluorescent differential display PCR (FDD-PCR)].

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Abscisic acid (ABA) was critical in plant seed development and response to environmental factors such as stress situations. To study the possible ABA related signaling transduction pathways, we tried to isolate the ABA-regulated genes through fluorescent differential display PCR (FDD-PCR) technology

Arsenite tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.) involves coordinated role of metabolic pathways of thiols and amino acids.

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Thiolic ligands and several amino acids (AAs) are known to build up in plants against heavy metal stress. In the present study, alteration of various AAs in rice and its synchronized role with thiolic ligand was explored for arsenic (As) tolerance and detoxification. To understand the mechanism of

Effect of microcystins on root growth, oxidative response, and exudation of rice (Oryza sativa).

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A 30 days indoor hydroponic experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of microcystins (MCs) on rice root morphology and exudation, as well as bioaccumulation of MCs in rice. MCs were bioaccumulated in rice with the greatest concentrations being observed in the leaves (113.68μgg-1 Fresh

Evaluation of the anti-nitrative effect of plant antioxidants using a cowpea Fe-superoxide dismutase as a target.

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Nitric oxide cytotoxicity arises from its rapid conversion to peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) in the presence of superoxide, provoking functional changes in proteins by nitration of tyrosine residues. The physiological significance of this post-translational modification is associated to tissue injury in

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