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jimsonweed/phosphatase
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Serum luteinizing hormone, testosterone, and thyroxine and growth responses of ram lambs fed locoweed (Oxytropis sericea) and treated with vitamin E/selenium.
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Sixteen ram lambs (5 m.o. old, 45 +/- 1.5 kg) received a control diet (50% concentrate, no locoweed, n = 4), locoweed (20% locoweed for 21 d, n = 4), MUSE (2 mL i.m. of MUSE containing 5 mg selenium and 50 mg vitamin E/mL, n = 4) on Days 21 and 35([Day 0 = first day of trial]), or locoweed + MUSE (n
Toxicokinetic profile of swainsonine following exposure to locoweed (Oxytropis sericea) in naïve and previously exposed sheep.
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OBJECTIVE
To determine the toxicokinetic profiles of swainsonine (SW) in sheep previously (subacute) and not previously (acute) exposed to locoweed.
METHODS
Twenty-nine wethers were stratified by bodyweight (BW; 68.0 (SE 7.6) kg) and randomly assigned to one of six treatments. Treatments were: 0
Dose response of sheep poisoned with locoweed (Oxytropis sericea).
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Locoweed poisoning occurs when livestock consume swainsonine-containing Astragalus and Oxytropis species over several weeks. Although the clinical and histologic changes of poisoning have been described, the dose or duration of swainsonine ingestion that results in significant or irreversible damage
Effects of graded levels of bentonite on serum clinical profiles, metabolic hormones, and serum swainsonine concentrations in lambs fed locoweed (Oxytropis sericea).
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To determine which clay minerals have the potential to bind swainsonine, an in vitro screening procedure was conducted. Twenty compounds were screened in one replicated in vitro trial. A commercially available bentonite bound approximately 10% swainsonine and was chosen for use in a subsequent lamb
Effects of locoweed (Oxytropis sericea) on growth, reproduction, and serum hormone profiles in young rams.
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Sixteen ram lambs (5 mo old, average BW = 49 +/- 1.4 kg) received a control diet (50% concentrate, 13.1% CP) or a diet containing 7, 14, or 21% locoweed (LW, DM basis). Rams were housed in individual pens (2.5 x 3.5 m) in an enclosed facility (14 h light, 10 h dark) with free access to feed and
Appearance and disappearance of swainsonine in serum and milk of lactating ruminants with nursing young following a single dose exposure to swainsonine (locoweed; Oxytropis sericea).
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A series of experiments were conducted to investigate the elimination of swainsonine in the milk of lactating ruminants following a single dose oral exposure to swainsonine (locoweed; Oxytropis sericea) and to assess subsequent subclinical effects on the mothers and their nursing young. In a
Effect of subacute swainsonine (locoweed; Oxytropis sericea) consumption on immunocompetence and serum constituents of sheep in a nutrient-restricted state.
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The subacute dose-response effects of swainsonine (SW) consumption on immunocompetence and serum constituents of sheep in a nutrient-restricted state were investigated. Sheep (23 wethers, 5 ewes) were assigned to 1 of 5 SW treatments (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, or 1.6 mg swainsonine/ kg bw/d). Swainsonine
Clearance of para-aminohippuric acid in wethers consuming locoweed.
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OBJECTIVE
To validate the use of para-aminohippuric acid (PAH) as a marker for measuring blood flow in wethers consuming a mixed diet of locoweed and blue grama hay.
METHODS
Fourteen sheep, stratified by bodyweight (BW), were assigned to one of three treatments: 0.8 mg swainsonine (SW)/kg BW (HI),
Effect of lonophore supplementation on selected serum constituents of sheep consuming locoweed.
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The effects of ionophore supplementation on selected serum constituents of sheep consuming locoweed were investigated. Sixteen sheep were allotted by weight to a 2x2 factorial arrangement of treatments: 1) no locoweed, no lasalocid, 2) no locoweed, 0.75 mg lasalocid/kg BW, 3) 0.5 mg swainsonine/kg
Both cell-surface carbohydrates and protein tyrosine phosphatase are involved in the differentiation of astrocytes in vitro.
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Astrocytes are important in the development and maintenance of functions of the CNS, acting in cooperation with neurons and other glial cells. The glycans on astrocyte membrane are believed to play important roles in cell-cell communication. Plant lectins are useful probes, because the lectins can
Early aspects of locoweed toxicosis and evaluation of a mineral supplement or clinoptilolite as dietary treatments.
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Sixteen crossbred beef heifers were used to determine the efficacy of serum clinical profiles as diagnostic tools for detection of early stages of locoweed toxicity and to test the ability of two mineral supplements for prevention or therapy of toxicosis. Dietary treatments were (DM basis) 1) 100%
Serum alpha-mannosidase activity and the clinicopathologic alterations of locoweed (Astragalus mollissimus) intoxication in range cattle.
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Subclinical intoxication of livestock with Astragalus and Oxytropis species (locoweeds) results in decreased animal feed conversion, reduced weight gains, and reproductive failure. Sensitive diagnostic methods to definitively diagnose and monitor intoxication are needed to minimize these losses and
Identification of a new locoweed (Oxytropis serioopetala) and its clinical and pathological features in poisoned rabbits.
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By a series of experiments, we identified a new member of the locoweed family, Oxytropis serioopetala, that produces swainsonine, a phytotoxin harmful to livestock. In order to evaluate the toxicity of Oxytropis serioopetala, its extract was administered to ten rabbits by gavage at a dose of 1.5
[Changes of alkaline phosphatase sugar chains in hepatocellular carcinoma tissue].
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OBJECTIVE
To investigate the changes of sugar chain structures of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in hepatoma tissue and its relation to the invasiveness of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
METHODS
The binding ratios of ALP from 9 normal liver tissues, 16 hepatoma tissues and 16 noncancerous tissues
Multiple organ toxicity of Datura stramonium seed extracts.
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Datura stramonium seed ranks top among major plants commonly abused as drug in Nigeria. The present study therefore sought to unravel the target organs of toxicity as well as underscore the role of extraction solvent in the toxicity of Datura stramonium seed. Twenty male Wistar rats
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