Comparative effects of selected plant polyphenols, gallic acid and epigallocatechin gallate, on matrix metalloproteinases activity in multidrug resistant MCF7/DOX breast cancer cells.

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of selected polyphenols: gallic acid (GA) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-2 and MMP-9) activity in multidrug resistant (MDR) human breast adenocarcinoma cells: MCF7/DOX cells and obtained recently in our laboratory MCF7/DOX500 cells by the permanent selection of MCF7/DOX cells with 500 nM doxorubicin (DOX). The activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and the effect of studied polyphenols on these matrix proteases were examined by gelatin zymography assays. We have found that the activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 significantly increased in resistant MCF7/DOX and MCF7/DOX500 cells whereas they were not detected in sensitive MCF7 cells. It was also observed that GA (30, 60, 100 and 120 µM) and EGCG (5, 10 and 20 µM) caused a comparable concentration-dependent inhibition of MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity in MCF7/DOX and MCF7/DOX500 cells. Control experiments confirmed that examined compounds in these ranges of concentration did not affect the cell growth of MCF7/DOX and MCF7/DOX500 sublines (80-100% of control cell growth was observed in the presence of studied polyphenols).