Diet and diabetic retinopathy: insights from the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT).
Paraules clau
Resum
OBJECTIVE
We explore the influence of lifestyle on the progression of retinopathy.
METHODS
Post hoc statistical analysis.
METHODS
One thousand forty-one patients with type 1 diabetes from 29 specialty clinics.
METHODS
The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) lifestyle data (diet, exercise, and tobacco use) and retinopathy-related risk factors (mean arterial pressure, the low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio [LDL-C/HDL-C], serum triglycerides, glycosolated hemoglobin [HbA1c] levels, body mass index [BMI], and insulin utilization) were related to the rate of progression of retinopathy.
METHODS
Correlation between lifestyle data with progression of retinopathy and retinopathy-related risk factors.
RESULTS
The percentage of calories as total fatty acids at baseline and overall positively correlated with prestudy and overall progression of retinopathy (r = .15, P < .0001 and r = .14, P < .0001, respectively). Average overall percentage of calories as dietary fiber inversely correlated with prestudy and overall progression of retinopathy (r = -.07, P = .0102 and r = -.10, P < .0002, respectively). The progression of retinopathy correlated with mean arterial pressure (prestudy r = .09, P = .0004 and overall r = .20, P < .0001), LDL-C/HDL-C (prestudy r = .13, P < .0001 and overall r = .15, P < .0001), serum triglycerides (prestudy r = .18, P < .0001 and overall r = .26, P < .0001), HbA1c (prestudy r = .10, P < .0001 and overall r = .45, P < .0001), BMI (prestudy r = .08, P <.0034 and overall r = .05, P = .08), insulin utilization (prestudy r = .19, P < .0001 and overall r = .14, P < .0001), tobacco use (prestudy r = .08, P < .0231 and overall r = .09, P < .0011), and the intensive vs conventional therapy study group (on-study r = -.27, P < .0001).
CONCLUSIONS
Tobacco use and diet, particularly the consumption of fatty acids and dietary fiber, are significantly associated with the rate of progression of diabetic retinopathy and retinopathy-related risk factors.
