Wisteria floribunda gall extract inhibits cell migration in mouse B16F1 melanoma cells by regulating CD44 expression and GTP-RhoA activity.

Extracts from galls grown on Wisteria floribunda are used as an anti-tumoral preparation in oriental traditional medicine. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanism of this anti-tumoral effect by first examining whether the extract inhibited cell migration in a B16 cell-based wound healing assay. The gall extract delayed wound healing in a dose- and time-dependent manner, indicating that one or more components of the fraction inhibited cell migration. Examination of two molecules known to be involved in metastasis, CD44, and RhoA-GTP, revealed that the gall extract decreased CD44 expression in a concentration-dependent manner, and also increased RhoA-GTP activity in comparison to untreated controls. Taken together, these results suggest that the Wisteria gall extract may inhibit cancer cell migration via inhibition of CD44 mRNA expression and activation of the GTP-RhoA protein.