arteriovenous fistula/arginina

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Characterization of a model of an arteriovenous fistula in the rat: the effect of L-NAME.

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Vascular access dysfunction contributes to the mortality of patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis. The present study analyzed the changes that evolve in a femoral arteriovenous fistula in the rat. The venous segment of this model exhibited, at 1 week, activation of pro-inflammatory transcription

Temporal changes in natriuretic and antinatriuretic systems after closure of a large arteriovenous fistula.

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OBJECTIVE Surgical closure of a large arteriovenous (A-V) fistula in patients and animals is associated with prompt diuresis and natriuresis. However, the mechanisms underlying these changes remained largely unknown. METHODS The present study evaluated the hormonal balance between major

Chronic changes in blood flow alter endothelium-dependent responses in autogenous vein grafts in dogs.

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OBJECTIVE Experiments were designed to determine the effects of blood flow on endothelium-dependent relaxations in canine vein grafts. METHODS Blood flow through reversed femoral vein grafts was either increased by a distal arteriovenous fistula (increased flow), unmanipulated (normal flow), or

Flow-induced neointimal regression in baboon polytetrafluoroethylene grafts is associated with decreased cell proliferation and increased apoptosis.

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OBJECTIVE We have previously shown that baboon grafts subjected to elevated shear stress exhibit an increase in luminal area through atrophy of the neointimal layer. This study was designed to investigate the smooth muscle cell (SMC) growth kinetics during early regression and evaluate the influence

Aortocaval fistula delays gastric emptying of liquid test meal in awake rats.

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Arteriovenous anastomoses disrupt cardiovascular and renal homeostasis, eliciting hemodynamic adjustments, resetting the humoral pattern, and inducing cardiac hypertrophy. Because acute circulatory imbalance alters gut motor behavior, we studied the effects of arteriovenous fistula placement on the

Modulation of endothelium-derived nitric oxide in canine femoral veins.

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Experiments were designed to determine whether nitric oxide was the mediator of increased endothelium-dependent relaxations in veins proximal to an arteriovenous fistula. A fistula was prepared between femoral arteries and veins in dogs. After 6 wk, veins proximal to the fistula were removed, cut

Studies on segmental pancreatic autotransplants in dogs.

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Success with segmental pancreas transplants has been impaired by immunologic and technical considerations. Experiments were performed with autotransplants to avoid immunologic problems, allowing concentration on surgical techniques. Survival of splenic lobe pancreas autotransplants in

Is smooth muscle growth in primate arteries regulated by endothelial nitric oxide synthase?

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OBJECTIVE We investigated whether control of constitutive endothelial cell nitric oxide synthase (cNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) by changes in shear stress might be important for the regulation of smooth muscle cell (SMC) growth and vascular diameter. METHODS Bilateral femoral arteriovenous fistulas

Asymmetric Dimethylarginine does not Predict Early Access Events in Hemodialysis Patients with Brachiocephalic Fistula Access.

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UNASSIGNED Vascular access for hemodialysis is best provided by an arteriovenous fistula (AVF). AVF fail primarily because of neointimal hyperplasia. Asymmetric dimethlyarginine (ADMA) is a naturally occurring analogue of L-arginine, which is elevated in renal failure and impairs endothelial cell

Effects of secondary amyloidosis on arteriovenous hemodialysis fistula outcomes and intradialytic hypotension: a case-control study.

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Amyloid fibrils can affect vascular structure through deposition and by causing nitric oxide depletion and increase of asymmetric dimethyl arginine. Patients with amyloidosis are prone to development of hypotension. Hypotension may also affect the maturation of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and may

Role of NO in flow-induced remodeling of the rabbit common carotid artery.

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Flow-induced changes in vessel caliber tend to restore baseline wall shear stress (WSS) and have been reported to be endothelium-dependent. To investigate the role of endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) in the adaptive increase in artery diameter in response to a chronic increase in blood flow, an

Flow-induced arterial enlargement is inhibited by suppression of nitric oxide synthase activity in vivo.

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BACKGROUND Acute flow-induced arterial dilation is mediated by nitric oxide (NO). The role of NO in chronic flow-induced adaptive enlargement is unknown. We assessed the role of NO in arterial adaptation to increased blood flow (BF). METHODS Iliac artery BF was increased in adult male rats by

Juvenile polyposis syndrome-hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia associated with a SMAD4 mutation in a girl

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Juvenile polyposis syndrome (JPS) and hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) are both relatively rare hereditary disorders. Some patients with the SMAD4 gene mutation develop both JPS and HHT, a condition termed JPS-HHT. We herein report a case of childhood-onset JPS-HHT. At nine years old, the

Role of matrix metalloproteinases in blood flow-induced arterial enlargement: interaction with NO.

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Tears in the internal elastic lamina (IEL) can be observed after chronic increases in arterial blood flow, suggesting a potential role for matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in flow-induced vascular remodeling. We undertook to study this phenomenon by constructing an arteriovenous fistula (AVF)

Modulation of NO and endothelin by chronic increases in blood flow in canine femoral arteries.

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Experiments were designed to determine whether chronic increases in arterial blood flow alter production of or response to nitric oxide and endothelin. Canine femoral arteries proximal to an arteriovenous fistula- and from the contralateral sham-operated blood vessels were removed, cut into rings,

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