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tonic/accident vascular cerebral
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Tonic Stretch Reflex Threshold as a Measure of Ankle Plantar-Flexor Spasticity After Stroke.
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Commonly used spasticity scales assess the resistance felt by the evaluator during passive stretching. These scales, however, have questionable validity and reliability. The tonic stretch reflex threshold (TSRT), or the angle at which motoneuronal recruitment begins in the resting state, is a
Facilitation of the Lesioned Motor Cortex During Tonic Contraction of the Unaffected Limb Corresponds to Motor Status After Stroke.
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OBJECTIVE
Contraction of the muscles of the unaffected hand is associated with enhanced activation of lesioned motor cortex (ie, crossed facilitation) in some individuals after stroke. However, the association between crossed facilitation and motor function status remains unclear. We investigated
Measurement of post-stroke spasticity based on tonic stretch reflex threshold: implications of stretch velocity for clinical practice.
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OBJECTIVE
The most commonly used method for the clinical evaluation of spasticity is the modified Ashworth scale (MAS), which is subjective. In this regard, the spasticity assessment through the tonic stretch reflex threshold, which is an objective method, has emerged as an alternative. It is based
Altered Neuromodulatory Drive May Contribute to Exaggerated Tonic Vibration Reflexes in Chronic Hemiparetic Stroke.
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Exaggerated stretch-sensitive reflexes are a common finding in elbow flexors of the contralesional arm in chronic hemiparetic stroke, particularly when muscles are not voluntarily activated prior to stretch. Previous investigations have suggested that this exaggeration could arise either from an
[Cardioembolic stroke manifested by isolated tonic seizure of the left upper limb].
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We reported a 61-year old man with cardioembolic stroke manifested by isolated tonic seizure of the left upper limb. He had a history of chronic atrial fibrillation and transient ischemic attack. He was brought to our hospital by ambulance, when he suddenly had isolated tonic seizure of left upper
The effects of asymmetric tonic neck reflex during reaching movement following stroke: preliminary results.
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Previous studies and clinical observations reveal that stroke survivors show the resurgence of the asymmetric tonic neck reflex (ATNR) both in static and dynamic conditions during maximal efforts. This observation may imply more reliance on the brainstem pathways following stroke. However, the
Experimentally Modifiable Parameters and Their Relation to the Tonic Vibration Reflex in Chronic Hemiparetic Stroke.
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The tonic vibration reflex (TVR), a reflexive muscle contraction resulting from muscle or tendon vibration, is a useful tool in assessing spinal motoneuron excitability, particularly in hyperexcitable conditions, such as in chronic hemiparetic stroke. The influence of experimental parameters, for
Delayed inhibition of tonic inhibition enhances functional recovery following experimental ischemic stroke.
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The current study focuses on the ability to improve cognitive function after stroke with interventions administered at delayed/chronic time points. In light of recent studies demonstrating delayed GABA antagonists improve motor function, we utilized electrophysiology, biochemistry and
Spasticity measurement based on tonic stretch reflex threshold in stroke using a portable device.
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OBJECTIVE
We investigated intra- and inter-evaluator reliability to quantify spasticity based on the tonic stretch reflex threshold (TSRT) and the correlation between TSRT and resistance to stretch.
METHODS
Spasticity was evaluated in 20 subjects with chronic stroke-related spasticity using a
Altered tonic and phasic cortisol secretion following unilateral stroke.
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Evidence is accumulating that cerebral laterality appears to be an important feature in the regulation of the stress response with the right hemisphere being closely linked to stress-regulatory systems, including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Although some animal and human data
Reducing excessive GABA-mediated tonic inhibition promotes functional recovery after stroke.
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Stroke is a leading cause of disability, but no pharmacological therapy is currently available for promoting recovery. The brain region adjacent to stroke damage-the peri-infarct zone-is critical for rehabilitation, as it shows heightened neuroplasticity, allowing sensorimotor functions to re-map
Reduced tonic inhibition after stroke promotes motor performance and epileptic seizures.
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Stroke survivors often recover from motor deficits, either spontaneously or with the support of rehabilitative training. Since tonic GABAergic inhibition controls network excitability, it may be involved in recovery. Middle cerebral artery occlusion in rodents reduces tonic GABAergic inhibition in
[Favorable effects of strophanthin & drugs with a tonic effect on the circulatory system in some cases of apoplexy].
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Commentary on "Facilitation of the Lesioned Motor Cortex During Tonic Contraction of the Unaffected Limb Corresponds to Motor Status After Stroke".
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Trial casts doubt on tonic inhibition as a target in stroke treatment.
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