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Developmental and Hormonal Regulation of Genes Coding for Proline-Rich Proteins in Female Inflorescences and Kernels of Maize
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The pattern of expression of two genes coding for proteins rich in proline, HyPRP (hybrid proline-rich protein) and HRGP (hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein), has been studied in maize (Zea mays) embryos by RNA analysis and in situ hybridization. mRNA accumulation is high during the first 20 d after
Proline: A Novel Cryoprotectant for the Freeze Preservation of Cultured Cells of Zea mays L.
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Proline is an effective cryoprotectant for the storage of cultured cells of Zea mays L. in liquid N(2). Increased freeze tolerance can be achieved by pregrowth for 3 to 4 days in medium containing proline. Cells cryoprotected with proline have an increased recovery potential when compared with cells
The relationship of proline content and metabolism on the productivity of maize plants.
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The free proline content in maize ear-leaves, silk and pollen were analyzed in field grown plants which had matured to the pollination stage. Using maize hybrids PR34F02, PR35P12 and PR36B08 field trials were set up at two locations in eastern Croatia in two different years. Two enzymes of proline
Proline is synthesized from glutamate during intragastric infusion but not during intravenous infusion in neonatal piglets.
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Glutamate is considered the primary precursor amino acid for proline synthesis in mammals. Evidence exists, however, suggesting that proline may be a dietary indispensable amino acid for 2.5-kg piglets due to inadequate synthesis. This hypothesis was tested by intravenous and intragastric infusion
Relationship between Proline and Abscisic Acid in the Induction of Chilling Tolerance in Maize Suspension-Cultured Cells.
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Both proline and abscisic acid (ABA) induce chilling tolerance in chilling-sensitive plants. However, the relationship between proline and ABA in the induction of chilling tolerance is unclear. We compared the time course of the increase in chilling tolerance induced by proline and ABA, and the time
Proline Accumulation in Maize (Zea mays L.) Primary Roots at Low Water Potentials (I. Requirement for Increased Levels of Abscisic Acid).
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Previous work showed that the concentration of proline (Pro) increases greatly in the primary root tip of maize (Zea mays L.) at low water potentials ([psi]w). It was also shown that the maintenance of root elongation at low [psi]w depends on increased levels of abscisic acid (ABA). In this study we
Proline responding1 Plays a Critical Role in Regulating General Protein Synthesis and the Cell Cycle in Maize.
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Proline, an important amino acid, accumulates in many plant species. Besides its role in plant cell responses to environmental stresses, the potential biological functions of proline in growth and development are unclear. Here, we report cloning and functional characterization of the maize (Zea
Proline Oxidation in Corn Mitochondria : Involvement of NAD, Relationship to Ornithine Metabolism, and Sidedness on the Inner Membrane.
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Proline-dependent oxygen uptake in corn mitochondria (Zea mays L. B73 x Mo17 or Mo17 x B73) occurs through a proline dehydrogenase (pH optimum around 7.2) bound to the matrix side of the inner mitochondrial membrane. Sidedness was established by determining the sensitivity of substrate-dependent
Submitochondrial location and electron transport characteristics of enzymes involved in proline oxidation.
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Isolated corn mitochondria (Zea mays cv. B73 x Mo17) were fractionated and the fragments were separated on a 20-45% (weight/weight) continuous sucrose gradient. Soluble enzymes remained at the top of the gradient overlapping with the outer membranes, while inner membrane vesicles and intact inner
Structural and Biochemical Characterization of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 12, the Last Enzyme of Proline Catabolism in Plants.
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Heterokonts, Alveolata protists, green algae from Charophyta and Chlorophyta divisions, and all Embryophyta plants possess an aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) gene named ALDH12. Here, we provide a biochemical characterization of two ALDH12 family members from the lower plant Physcomitrella patens and
Oxidation of proline by mitochondria isolated from water-stressed maize shoots.
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Proline oxidation and coupled phosphorylation were measured in mitochondria after isolation from shoots of water-stressed, etiolated maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings. Both state III and state IV rates of proline oxidation decreased as a logarithmic function of increased seedling water stress between -5
Proline accumulation and its implication in cold tolerance of regenerable maize callus.
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Embryogenic callus of maize (Zea mays L.) inbreds B37wx, H99, H99(3)H95, Mo17, and Pa91 accumulated proline to levels 2.1 to 2.5 times that of control callus when subjected to mannitol-induced water stress, cool temperatures (19 degrees C) and abscisic acid (ABA). A combination of 0.53 molar
Rapid changes induced in developmental programmes of the maize embryo detected by analysis of the expression of genes encoding proline-rich proteins.
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The pattern of expression of two genes coding for proline-rich proteins, zmHyPRP and zmHRGP, in Zea mays is modified when the embryogenesis programme is altered by placing the embryos in conditions which promote either precocious germination or callogenesis. zmHyPRP gene expression is rapidly
Storage protein characteristics of proline-requiring mutants of Zea mays (L.).
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Protein and amino acid composition of mature karnels from three allelic proline-requiring mutants in maize, pro 1-1, pro 1-2, and pro 1-3 were analyzed and compared to kernels of the stock A 188 containing the wild type allele. The amount of free proline was specifically reduced in the embryos of
Oxidation of proline by plant mitochondria.
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Mitochondria isolated from etiolated shoots of corn (Zea mays), wheat (Triticum aestivum), barley (Hordeum vulgare), soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.), and mung bean (Phaseolus aureus) exhibited a proline-dependent O(2) uptake subject to respiratory control. ADP/O ratios with proline as substrate were
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