Luteolin, a bioflavonoid inhibits Azoxymethane-induced colorectal cancer through activation of Nrf2 signaling.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is now perceived as a multistep process characterized by the accumulation of genetic alterations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Plant-derived compounds are receiving considerable attention for their potential role in reducing cancer risk. Luteolin, a bioflavonoid present in many fruits and vegetables, possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative properties. This study was designed to investigate the possible role of luteolin administration on Phase 1 and 2 enzymes and NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/keap1 pathway. Male Balb/C mice were divided into four groups: normal control, Azoxymethane (AOM)-induced, AOM-induced and luteolin treated, normal control treated with luteolin. CRC was induced by administration of AOM (15 mg/kg body weight) intraperitoneally (i.p.) once a week for three weeks. Luteolin administration (1.2 mg/kg body weight/day) significantly alleviated Phase1 enzymes in colon and liver, it increased the levels of phase 2 enzymes. Luteolin modulates the expressions of GST-α, µ and also the expression of Nrf2. Collectively, results of our hypothesis show that luteolin is a novel candidate for treating CRC.