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2 4 dihydroxybenzoic acid/betændelse
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(-)-Epicatechin and the colonic metabolite 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid protect against high glucose and lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in renal proximal tubular cells through NOX-4/p38 signalling
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Chronic hyperglycaemia and inflammation are present in diabetes and both processes have been related to the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease. Epicatechin (EC) and main colonic phenolic acids derived from flavonoid intake, such as 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHBA), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic
SUBSTITUTED DIHYDROXYBENZOIC ACIDS AS POSSIBLE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS.
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Melatonin reduces acute lung inflammation, edema, and hemorrhage in heatstroke rats.
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OBJECTIVE
To assess the therapeutic effect of melatonin on heat-induced acute lung inflammation and injury in rats.
METHODS
Heatstroke was induced by exposing anesthetized rats to heat stress (36 °C, 100 min). Rats were treated with vehicle or melatonin (0.2, 1, 5 mg/kg) by intravenous
Oxidation of Hydroxy- and Dihydroxybenzoic Acids Under the Udenfriend's Conditions. An HPLC Study.
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UNASSIGNED
Non-enzymatic hydroxylation of aromatic compounds to the respective phenolic derivatives is a possible metabolic pathway of xenobiotics. The formed metabolites can undergo consecutive oxidative reactions with free radicals to form potential toxic molecules.
UNASSIGNED
Development of HPLC
Attenuating systemic inflammatory markers in simulated high-altitude exposure by heat shock protein 70-mediated hypobaric hypoxia preconditioning in rats.
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OBJECTIVE
The primary goal of this study was to test whether high-altitude exposure (HAE: 0.9% O(2) at 0.47 ATA for 24 hours) was capable of increasing the systemic inflammatory markers as well as the toxic organ injury indicators in rats, with a secondary goal to test whether preinduction of heat
Brucella abortus siderophore 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid protects brucellae from killing by macrophages.
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Addition of 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid, a siderophore produced by Brucella abortus, to macrophage cultures prevented intracellular killing of brucellae during the first 12 h after infection and increased the number of intracellular brucellae recovered at 48 h after infection. The protective effect
L-arginine causes amelioration of cerebrovascular dysfunction and brain inflammation during experimental heatstroke.
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Cerebrovascular dysfunction ensuing from severe heatstroke includes intracranial hypertension, cerebral hypoperfusion, and brain inflammation. We attempted to assess whether L-arginine improves survival during experimental heatstroke by attenuating these reactions. Anesthetized rats, 70 min after
Influence of anti-inflammatory agents on the survival of Drosophila.
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Various anti-inflammatory compounds were tested for their influence on the life span of the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster). 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid increased the median life span by 10.9% when fed to adults at a concentration of 1 X 10(-5)M for the entire adult life span. All other
Modulation of experimental phacoanaphylactic endophthalmitis with the antioxidants sodium benzoate, and 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid.
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The antioxidants sodium benzoate and 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid reduced the inflammatory response in experimental phacoanaphylactic endophthalmitis. The 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid was by far the more effective antiphlogistic agent. The molecular mechanisms that may have contributed to the observed
Attenuating brain inflammation, ischemia, and oxidative damage by hyperbaric oxygen in diabetic rats after heat stroke.
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OBJECTIVE
Alternating hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis mechanisms would lead to multiple organs dysfunction or failure. Herein, we attempt to assess whether hypothalamic inflammation and ischemic and oxidative damage that occurred during heatstroke (HS) can be affected by hyperbaric oxygen (HBO₂)
Hypoxia response in asthma: differential modulation on inflammation and epithelial injury.
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Oxygen-sensing prolyl-hydroxylase (PHD)-2 negatively regulates hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)1-α and suppresses the hypoxic response. Hypoxia signaling is thought to be proinflammatory but also attenuates cellular injury and apoptosis. Although increased hypoxic response has been noted in asthma,
Regulation of the cholesterol efflux transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1 in retina in hemochromatosis and by the endogenous siderophore 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid.
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Hypercholesterolemia and polymorphisms in the cholesterol exporter ABCA1 are linked to age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Excessive iron in retina also has a link to AMD pathogenesis. Whether these findings mean a biological/molecular connection between iron and cholesterol is not known. Here
Anti-inflammatory effects of phenolic compounds isolated from the flowers of Nymphaea mexicana Zucc.
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Nymphaea mexicana Zucc. is an aquatic plant species which belongs to the family Nymphaea and is commonly known as the yellow water lily. The aim of this work was to study the in vitro antiinflammatory effects of phenolic compounds isolated from the flowers of Nymphaea mexicana Zucc. Seven phenolic
2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid-containing nanofiber wound dressings inhibit biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa forms biofilms in wounds, which often leads to chronic infections that are difficult to treat with antibiotics. Free iron enhances biofilm formation, delays wound healing, and may even be responsible for persistent inflammation, increased connective tissue destruction, and
Lactate produced during labor modulates uterine inflammation via GPR81 (HCA1).
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BACKGROUND
Uterine inflammatory processes trigger prolabor pathways and orchestrate on-time labor onset. Although essential for successful labor, inflammation needs to be regulated to avoid uncontrolled amplification and resolve postpartum. During labor, myometrial smooth muscle cells generate ATP
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