alanine/epileptisk anfald

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Cell type-specific upregulation of myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate and protein kinase C-alpha, -beta I, -beta II, and -delta in microglia following kainic acid-induced seizures.

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Myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS) is a widely distributed protein kinase C (PKC) substrate and has been implicated in actin cytoskeletal rearrangement in response to extracellular stimuli. Although MARCKS was extensively examined in various cell culture systems, the

Lack of the alanine-serine-cysteine transporter 1 causes tremors, seizures, and early postnatal death in mice.

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The Na(+)-independent alanine-serine-cysteine transporter 1 (Asc-1) is exclusively expressed in neuronal structures throughout the central nervous system (CNS). Asc-1 transports small neutral amino acids with high affinity especially for D-serine and glycine (K(i): 8-12 microM), two endogenous

Absence of Liver Toxicity in Perampanel-Treated Subjects: Pooled results from partial seizure phase III perampanel clinical studies.

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OBJECTIVE The liver plays a major role in the metabolism and elimination of many antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), including perampanel. Some of the metabolites identified for perampanel are likely formed via reactive intermediates, which have the potential to covalently bind to protein and cause

Prolonged neonatal seizures exacerbate hypoxic-ischemic brain damage: correlation with cerebral energy metabolism and excitatory amino acid release.

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BACKGROUND Perinatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI) is the most common precipitant of seizures in the first 24-48 h of a newborn's life. In a previous study, our laboratory developed a model of prolonged, continuous electrographic seizures in 10-day-old rat pups using kainic acid (KA) as a proconvulsant.

[Primary hiperoxaluria: a new mutation in gen AGXT (R197Q) cause of neonatal convulsions].

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Primary hyperoxaluria is a congenital innate error of the metabolism of the amino acids, that is transmitted like an autosomal recessive character. Two types of hyperoxaluria exist: the primary type I, that corresponds to the peroxisomal enzymatic deficit of the alanine glyoxylate aminotransferase

In vivo 31P and in vitro 1H nuclear magnetic resonance study of hypoglycemia during neonatal seizure.

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To examine the hypothesis that hypoglycemia has an adverse effect on brain energy state during seizure, neonatal dogs were subjected to bicuculline-induced seizure while hyperglycemic, normoglycemic, or hypoglycemic. Cerebral blood flow increased and remained elevated in all animals subjected to

Pharmacological and biochemical analysis of interactions between N-acetylcysteine and some antiepileptic drugs on experimental seizures in mice.

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OBJECTIVE In view of a putative role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of seizures, this study addressed the interactions between N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a potent antioxidant and two antiepileptic drugs sodium valproate (SVP) and phenytoin (PHT) on experimental seizures in mice. METHODS The

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and its beta-alanine analogue: potentiation of the anticonvulsant potency of phenobarbital in mice.

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Previous work has demonstrated that thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and its beta-alanine analogue (beta-ala TRH) are potent antagonists of barbiturate-induced sedation. This study sought to determine the effects of these oligopeptides on the anticonvulsant properties of phenobarbital in the

[Simple derivatives of amino acid neurotransmitters. Anticonvulsant evaluation of derived amides, carbamates and esters of glycine and beta-alanine].

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With GABA, glycine and beta-alanine are inhibitory amino acids. They act mainly in the spinal cord and in the brain stem via the strychnine sensitive glycine receptor. Glycine exhibits also a key rule in the excitatory neurotransmission in the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor complex. These two

Effect of a noncompetitive antagonist (MK-801) of NMDA receptors on convulsions and brain amino acid level in E1 mice.

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Anticonvulsant action of MK-801, a novel noncompetitive antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, was examined in genetically epileptic E1 mice. Systemic injection of MK-801 (0.1-1.0 mg/kg) potently suppressed generalized tonic-clonic convulsions of in a dose-dependent manner (ED50, 0.17

Protective effect of carnosine on febrile seizures in immature mice.

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Febrile seizures (FSs) are the most common type of convulsions in childhood and complex FSs represent an increased risk for development of temporal lobe epilepsy. The aim of this study was to analyze the anticonvulsant effects of carnosine, an endogenous dipeptide composed of alanine and histidine,

Anticonvulsant activity of muscimol and gamma-aminobutyric acid against pyridoxal phosphate-induced epileptic seizures.

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The intracerebroventricular injection of pyridoxal phosphate (PLP, 0.125-1.25 mumol/rat) causes epileptic seizures (4 min leads to 1 min) that are preventable or reversible by GABA (1 mumol/rat), by muscimol (0.025 mumol/rat), or by diazepam (1.75 mumol/rat). At the peak of PLP-induced convulsions,

Effect of amino-oxyacetic acid (AOAA) on focal penicillin seizures.

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The biochemical and behavioral effects of the anticonvulsant amino-oxyacetic acid (AOAA) have been studied in a model of focal penicillin seizures in rats. At 20 mg/Kg AOAA treatment results in a progressive 11 fold increase in GABA levels in cortex over three hours. There is a decrease in

The influence of strychnine-insensitive glycine receptor agonists and antagonists on generalized seizure thresholds.

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We have examined the influence of strychnine-insensitive glycine (gly2) receptor agonists and antagonists on the expression of generalized seizure activity (generalized seizure threshold (GST), afterdischarge duration and motor seizure response) in fully amygdala kindled rats. Intra-amygdaloid

The effect of omega-phosphono-alpha-aminocarboxylic acids on seizures and brain amino acid levels in E1 mice.

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The omega-phosphono-alpha-aminocarboxylic acids, e.g., 2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoate and 2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoate, are known to act as potent and selective antagonists at N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and to have a pronounced anticonvulsant action on a variety of animal models of epilepsy. In

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