arnold-chiari malformation/epileptisk anfald

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Syringomyelia presenting as paroxysmal arm posturing resembling seizures.

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A 9-year-old female presented with daily episodes of medically refractory paroxysmal bilateral arm posturing, which had long been thought to be epileptic seizures. She also had other types of episodes, including daily staring spells and infrequent generalized tonic-clonic convulsions. Neurologic

Epilepsy in type 1 Chiari malformation.

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In patients with Chiari malformation type 1 (CMI), epileptic seizures are occasionally reported both in symptomatic patients candidate to surgery and in patients without symptoms of tonsillar displacement in whom CM1 is often an incidental finding in the diagnostic work up for idiopathic epilepsies.

Headache in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

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OBJECTIVE Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS) is a complex hereditary connective tissue disorder with neurologic manifestations that include cerebrovascular disorders and chronic pain. The clinical data collected on 18 patients with EDS and chronic headaches is reported. METHODS Clinical history,

Perioperative management of a child with short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency.

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Short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (SCAD) is a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes the dehydrogenation of short chain fatty acids (4 to 6 carbons in length) thereby initiating the cycle of beta-oxidation. This process generates acetyl-CoA, the key substrate for hepatic ketogenesis or ATP production

Bone mineral density and serum levels of 25 OH vitamin D in chronic users of antiepileptic drugs.

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The aim of this cross sectional study was to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD) and serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD) in a group of patients taking antiepileptic drugs (AED) for a seizure disorder. Between May-2001 and January-2003, we evaluated 58 patients (40 women/18 men), 34.4+/-6

Retrospective multicenter evaluation of the "fly-catching syndrome" in 24 dogs: EEG, BAER, MRI, CSF findings and response to antiepileptic and antidepressant treatment.

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The fly-catching syndrome (FCS) is a rare canine condition of sudden, occasional, or constant episodes of biting the air. It may be accompanied by jumping, licking, and swallowing. The etiology of FCS is unknown and controversial. Various explanations for its occurrence have included epileptoid

[Reaction of rats to the effect of hyperbaric oxygenation after preliminary adaptation to hypoxia].

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Preliminary adaptation of rats to hypoxia in the regimen exceeding the resistance to many stress agents not only produced no protective effect in response to the action of increased oxygen pressure (IOP) up to 6 kg/cm2, but, on the contrary, decreased the organism resistance. Thus, the time of

Protracted treatment with diazepam reduces benzodiazepine1 receptor-mediated potentiation of gamma-aminobutyric acid-induced currents in dissociated rat hippocampal neurons.

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Tolerance to benzodiazepines (BZs) is thought to involve alterations of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptor as a result of the prolonged occupancy of its modulatory BZ recognition site. We used the whole-cell patch-clamp technique to compare the functional and pharmacological properties of

Poisoning associated with inappropriate use of a eutectic mixture of lidocaine and prilocaine before laser-assisted hair removal: about 3 cases.

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BACKGROUND Eutectic mixtures of lidocaine and prilocaine are used during painful dermatological procedures. Poisoning is rarely reported in adults. METHODS We report three cases of women who experienced lidocaine and prilocaine poisoning after laser-assisted hair removal. Plasma levels of local

Is phenytoin administration safe in a hypothermic child?

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A male neonate with a Chiari malformation and a leaking myelomeningocoele underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion followed by repair of myelomeningocoele. During anaesthesia and surgery, he inadvertently became moderately hypothermic. Intravenous phenytoin was administered during the later

Brain targeting of chitosan-based diazepam mucoadhesive microemulsions via nasal route: formulation optimization, characterization, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation.

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OBJECTIVE The aim of present investigation was to develop microemulsions (MEs) and mucoadhesive microemulsions (MME) of diazepam for brain uptake through nasal administration for the treatment of seizure emergency. CONCLUSIONS Status epilepticus (SE) is a medical emergency, requires intravenous

The treatment of orofacial pain by using transcranial direct current stimulation.

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Neurostimulation methods are used in the treatment of chronic pain, although mainly for pharmacology resistant pain. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive neurostimulation method using low direct current (0.029-0.08 mA/cm2) applied to a cathode and anode, which directly

Cranioplasty with a low-cost customized polymethylmethacrylate implant using a desktop 3D printer.

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OBJECTIVE Cranioplasty implants should be widely available, low in cost, and customized or easy to mold during surgery. Although autologous bone remains the first choice for repair, it cannot always be used due to infection, fragmentation, bone resorption, or other causes, which led to use of

Local chemotherapy with cisplatin-depot for glioblastoma multiforme.

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Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) makes up as many as 30% of all primary brain tumors. Despite the employment of multimodal antitumor treatment, the overall survival is less than one year. Between 06/01/1998 and 06/01/2000 17 patients (Group A) with GBM (11 males, 6 females; median age 54.3 years) were

Expanding the clinical spectrum of the 16p11.2 chromosomal rearrangements: three patients with syringomyelia.

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16p11.2 rearrangements are associated with developmental delay, cognitive impairment, autism spectrum disorder, behavioral problems (especially attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder), seizures, obesity, dysmorphic features, and abnormal head size. In addition, congenital anomalies and abnormal

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