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Altered cyclooxygenase-1 and enhanced thromboxane receptor activities underlie attenuated endothelial dilatory capacity of omental arteries in obesity.

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Obesity is a risk factor for endothelial dysfunction, the severity of which is likely to vary depending on extent and impact of adiposity on the vasculature. This study investigates the roles of cyclooxygenase isoforms and thromboxane receptor activities in the differential endothelial

Cyclooxygenase-2 preserves flow-mediated remodelling in old obese Zucker rat mesenteric arteries.

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OBJECTIVE Resistance arteries have a key role in the control of local blood flow and pressure, and chronic increases in blood flow induce endothelium-dependent outward hypertrophic remodelling. The incidence of metabolic syndrome increases with age, and the combination of these two risk factors

Cyclooxygenase-2-derived prostanoids reduce inward arterial remodeling induced by blood flow reduction in old obese Zucker rat mesenteric arteries.

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Obesity is associated with altered arterial structure and function leading to arterial narrowing in most vascular beds, especially when associated with aging. Nevertheless, mesenteric blood flow remains elevated in obese rats, although the effect of aging remains unknown. We investigated mesenteric

Obesity is induced in mice heterozygous for cyclooxygenase-2.

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In mice heterozygous for the cyclooxygenase-2 gene (COX-2+/-) the body weight was enhanced by 33% as compared to homozygous COX-2-/- mice. The weights of the gonadal fat pads in COX-2+/- mice were enhanced by 3.5 to 4.7 fold as compared to COX-2-/- mice and by 1.5 to 3.5 fold as compared to

Acute cyclooxygenase inhibition does not alter muscle sympathetic nerve activity or forearm vasodilator responsiveness in lean and obese adults.

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Obesity is often characterized by chronic inflammation that may contribute to increased cardiovascular risk via sympathoexcitation and decreased vasodilator responsiveness. We hypothesized that obese individuals would have greater indices of inflammation compared with lean controls, and that

Dietary trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid reduces early glomerular enlargement and elevated renal cyclooxygenase-2 levels in young obese fa/fa zucker rats.

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Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) slows the progression of disease in models of chronic kidney disease. Because obesity is associated with nephropathy and increased renal cyclooxygenase (COX) levels, the effects of dietary CLA on kidney function, morphology, and COX protein levels in the kidneys of

Energy restriction reduces the number of advanced aberrant crypt foci and attenuates the expression of colonic transforming growth factor beta and cyclooxygenase isoforms in Zucker obese (fa/fa) rats.

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Several epidemiological studies have supported the concept that high energy intake, obesity, and/or hyperinsulinemia are risk factors for colon cancer. Previously, it was shown that Zucker obese rats are more sensitive to chemically induced colon cancer than their lean counterparts. The present

Enhanced cyclooxygenase 2-mediated vasorelaxation in coronary arteries from insulin-resistant obese Zucker rats.

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Obesity and metabolic syndrome increase the risk of coronary heart disease and lead to a proinflammatory state of the vascular wall. Endothelial dysfunction is associated with up-regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and enhanced synthesis of constrictor prostaglandins in systemic arteries in

Trans-10,cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid worsens renal pathology and alters cyclooxygenase derived oxylipins in obesity-associated nephropathy.

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Dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) reduces indicators of early renal disease progression and the associated elevated cyclooxygenase (COX) levels in young obese rats with obesity-associated nephropathy (OAN). Therefore, renal function and injury and COX and its metabolites were assessed in obese

Neuronal maturation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus via chronic oral administration of Artemisa annua extract is independent of cyclooxygenase 2 signaling pathway in diet-induced obesity mouse model.

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Recently, we reported that Artemisia annua (AA) has anti-adipogenic properties in vitro and in vivo. Reduction of adipogenesis by AA treatment may dampen systemic inflammation and protect neurons from cytokine-induced damage. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to assess whether AA increases

The importance of cyclooxygenase 2-mediated oxidative stress in obesity-induced muscular insulin resistance in high-fat-fed rats.

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OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to examine the effect of cyclooxygenase (COX) 2 inhibition on the development of muscular insulin resistance in high-fat-induced obese rats. METHODS The rats were on a regular chow diet (C) or high-fat enriched diet (HFD) energy-restrictedly (HFr), or ad libitum

Hematopoietic cyclooxygenase-2 deficiency increases adipose tissue inflammation and adiposity in obesity.

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OBJECTIVE Adipose tissue (AT) macrophages mediate AT inflammation in obesity, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is a major inflammatory gene. It was hypothesized that deletion of hematopoietic COX-2 will inhibit AT inflammation in obesity. METHODS Lethally irradiated wild-type (WT) mice were injected

Nimesulide, a cyclooxygenase-2 selective inhibitor, suppresses obesity-related non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatic insulin resistance through the regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ.

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Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 selective inhibitors suppress non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); however, the precise mechanism of action remains unknown. The aim of this study was to examine how the COX-2 selective inhibitor nimesulide suppresses NAFLD in a murine model of high-fat diet

Cyclooxygenase inhibition improves endothelial vasomotor dysfunction of visceral adipose arterioles in human obesity.

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OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine whether cyclooxygenase inhibition improves vascular dysfunction of adipose microvessels from obese humans. METHODS In 20 obese subjects (age 37 ± 12 years, BMI 47 ± 8 kg/m²), subcutaneous and visceral fat were collected during bariatric surgery

Acute cyclooxygenase inhibition and baroreflex sensitivity in lean and obese adults.

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Obese adults exhibit increased levels of inflammation, which may negatively affect blood pressure regulation. Based on existing literature, we hypothesized: (1) baroreflex sensitivity would be lower in obese adults when compared to lean adults; (2) acute ibuprofen (IBU, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor

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