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Common expression of the tumor marker D-galactose-beta-[1-->3]-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine by different adenocarcinomas: evidence of field effect phenomenon.

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The simple carbohydrate tumor marker D-galactose-beta-[1-->3]-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (Gal-GalNAc) can be easily identified by a sequential galactose oxidase (GO)-Schiff reaction either on tissues or on rectal mucus samples from patients with colorectal cancer. To check the usefulness of this

Enhancement by galactosamine of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced tumour necrosis factor production and lethality: its suppression by LPS pretreatment.

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1. D-Galactosamine (GalN) depletes UTP primarily in the liver, resulting in decreased RNA synthesis in hepatocytes. Co-injection of GalN and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into mice produces fulminant hepatitis with severe hepatic congestion, resulting in rapid death. Although the underlying mechanism is

Interleukin-10 inhibits hepatic injury and tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma mRNA expression induced by staphylococcal enterotoxin B or lipopolysaccharide in galactosamine-sensitized mice.

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OBJECTIVE Proinflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) play a critical role in the pathogenesis of liver injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) in D-galactosamine (GalN)-sensitized mice. The aim

Protective effect of cornel iridoid glycoside in D-galactosamine/tumor necrosis factor-α-injured L02 hepatocytes and its mechanism.

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OBJECTIVE The aim was to determine the action mode of cornel iridoid glycoside (CIG) from Fructus corni on hepatoprotective activities, the effects of CIG on human hepatocyte cell line (L02) injured by D-galactosamine (GalN) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were examined. METHODS The percentage

Effects of tocotrienol on tumor necrosis factor-α/d-galactosamine-induced steatohepatitis in rats.

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It has been reported that α-tocopherol (α-Toc), a vitamin E analog, is effective for treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, it is unknown whether or not other vitamin E analogs are effective. Therefore we designed a new rat model of steatohepatitis induced by tumor necrosis

Tumor necrosis factor alpha mediates lethal activity of killed gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria in D-galactosamine-treated mice.

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Treatment with D-galactosamine increases sensitivity of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-responder mice to the lethal effects of LPS, while nonresponder mice remain resistant (M.A. Freudenberg, D. Keppler, and C. Galanos, Infect. Immun. 51:891-895, 1986). In the present study it is shown that, in contrast

Streptococcus mitis cell walls and lipopolysaccharide induce lethality in D-galactosamine-sensitized mice by a tumor necrosis factor-dependent pathway.

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Purified cells walls of Streptococcus mitis induced tumor necrosis factor in vitro in whole blood of both lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-sensitive OF1 and LPS-resistant C3H/HeJ mice. They were as effective as heat-killed bacteria in inducing death in both strains of mice sensitized with D-galactosamine.

Effects of Z-FA.FMK on D-galactosamine/tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced kidney injury and oxidative stress in mice : effects of Z-FA.FMK on TNF-alpha-mediated kidney injury.

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BACKGROUND The aim of this investigation was to demonstrate that benzyloxicarbonyl-L-phenylalanyl-alanine-fluoromethylketone (Z-FA.FMK), which is a pharmacological inhibitor of cathepsin B, has protective role on the kidney injury that occurs together with liver injury. Methods BALB/c male mice used

A galactosamine-mediated drug delivery carrier for targeted liver cancer therapy.

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In order to minimize the side effect of cancer chemotherapy, a novel galactosamine-mediated drug delivery carrier, galactosamine-conjugated albumin nanoparticles (GAL-AN), was developed for targeted liver cancer therapy. The albumin nanoparticles (AN) and doxorubicin-loaded AN (DOX-AN) were prepared

Lectin histochemistry of galactose and N-acetyl-galactosamine glycoconjugates in normal gastric mucosa and gastric cancer and the relationship with ABO and secretor status.

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The histochemical binding of four lectin-peroxidase conjugates to normal human gastric mucosa and gastric carcinoma is described. The lectins were peanut agglutinin (PNA) which is specific for galactose residues and soy bean agglutinin (SBA), Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA) and Helix pomatia

N-bromoacetyl-beta-D-glucosamine tetra-O-acetate and N-bromoacetyl-beta-D-galactosamine tetra-O-acetate as chemotherapeutic agents with immunopotentiating effects in Ehrlich ascites tumor-bearing mice.

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Protective Effects of Sesquiterpenoids from the Root of Panax ginseng on Fulminant Liver Injury Induced by Lipopolysaccharide/d-Galactosamine.

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It is reported that sesquiterpenoids from Panax ginseng (SPG) possess various pharmacological activities, for example, antidepressant, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory activities. The purpose of this study was to examine the hepatoprotective effects of SPG (2.5 and 10 mg/kg, i.g.) on fulminant

Esculin prevents Lipopolysaccharide/D-Galactosamine-induced acute liver injury in mice.

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Liver injury is an important cause of serious liver disease and is characterized by inflammatory and oxidative responses. Esculin, a coumarinic derivative found in Aesculus hippocastanum L., has been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects. Here, we investigated the effects and

Structural Elucidation of Immunomodulators, Acetylated Heteroglycan and Galactosamine, Isolated from Aloe arborescens Leaves.

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Plant polysaccharides gained extended scientific attention for their immunomodulatory effect. However, few scientific studies structurally defined polysaccharides in relation to their biological modifier response. Therefore, the study explored the effect of structurally identified isolated

Lectins isolated from Korean mistletoe (Viscum album coloratum) induce apoptosis in tumor cells.

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Cytotoxic lectins (KML-C) were isolated from an extract of Korean mistletoe [Viscum album C. (coloratum)] by affinity chromatography on a hydrolysed Sepharose 4B column, and the chemical and biological properties of KML-C were examined, partly by comparing them with a lectin (EML-1) from European

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