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Side 1 fra 284 resultater
Significance of smooth muscle/anti-actin autoantibodies in celiac disease.
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OBJECTIVE
Smooth muscle antibody (SMA) specific for the protein actin, a major component of the cytoskeleton of epithelial cells, is one of the most prevalent non-organ specific autoantibodies in the serum of celiac disease (CD) patients. Our aim was to explore the clinical relevance of the presence
Developmental origins of colon smooth muscle dysfunction in IBS-like rats.
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Epidemiological studies show that subsets of adult and pediatric patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) have prior exposures to psychological or inflammatory stress. We investigated the cellular mechanisms of colonic smooth muscle dysfunction in adult rats subjected to neonatal inflammation.
Mediation of anaphylaxis-induced jejunal circular smooth muscle contraction in rats.
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Altered intestinal motility and diarrhea are features of food protein-induced intestinal anaphylaxis in the conscious rat. These experiments were performed to determine the mediator(s) responsible for jejunal circular smooth muscle contraction during this response. Hooded-Lister rats were sensitized
Relaxant effects of Artemisia ludoviciana on isolated rat smooth muscle tissues.
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BACKGROUND
Artemisia ludoviciana spp. mexicana (Willd. Ex.) Spring D.D. Keck (Asteraceae), known as "estafiate" is employed for the treatment of diarrhea, dysentery, parasites, abdominal pain, vomiting, stomach ache, and also as antispasmodic agent. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the
Berberine Depresses Contraction of Smooth Muscle via Inhibiting Myosin Light-chain Kinase.
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BACKGROUND
Berberine is a natural isoquinoline alkaloid possessing various pharmacological effects, particularly apparent in the treatment of diarrhea, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Smooth muscle myosin light-chain kinase (MLCK) plays a crucial role in the smooth muscle
Effect of purified Clostridium difficile toxins on intestinal smooth muscle. II. Toxin B.
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In the companion paper [Am. J. Physiol. 256 (Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 19): G759-G766, 1989] we showed that highly purified Clostridium difficile toxin A had a profound effect on intestinal smooth muscle after in vivo but not in vitro exposure. In this study we assessed the effects of in vivo and
Ziziphus nummularia Inhibits Inflammation-Induced Atherogenic Phenotype of Human Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells.
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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to be the leading cause of death worldwide. Atherosclerosis is a CVD characterized by plaque formation resulting from inflammation-induced insults to endothelial cells, monocytes, and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Despite significant advances, current
[Effects of heishunpian total alkaloids on Cassia acutifolia induced mice diarrhea and contraction of isolated intestinal smooth muscle in rats].
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OBJECTIVE
To observe the effects of Heishunpian total alkaloids on Cassia acutifolia induced mice diarrhea and contraction of isolated intestinal smooth muscle in rats.
METHODS
The experiment was carried out with Cassia acutifolia induced mice diarrhea model, small intestinal propulsive rate in mice
Thyroid status and muscarinic receptor density and affinity in rat intestinal smooth muscle.
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Hypothyroid and hyperthyroid states are associated with constipation and diarrhea, respectively. To determine the possible involvement of the cholinergic system in these disorders we studied the effect of thyroid status (thyroidectomy or thyroxin injection for 10-20 weeks) on intestinal smooth
Supernatants of irritable bowel syndrome mucosal biopsies impair human colonic smooth muscle contractility.
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BACKGROUND
Changes in intestinal motility are likely to contribute to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) pathophysiology. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of IBS mucosal supernatants on human colonic muscle contractility.
METHODS
Supernatants were obtained from biopsies of 18 IBS
Colitis-induced alterations in adrenergic control of circular smooth muscle in vitro in rats.
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The present study investigated inflammation-induced changes in adrenergic regulation of smooth muscle. Colitis was induced in rats by intrarectal administration of trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid in ethanol. After 4 h (acute) or 7 days (chronic), in vitro isometric tension was measured in strips of
The effects of medicinal plants on muscarinic receptors in various types of smooth muscle.
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Pharmacological agents that can affect muscarinic receptors are commonly used to treat or manage various diseases. Medicinal plants have been used from ancient time to treat cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, respiratory, and urogenital disorders, which may related to their muscarinic receptors
Impaired integrity of DNA after recovery from inflammation causes persistent dysfunction of colonic smooth muscle.
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OBJECTIVE
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease who are in remission and those who developed irritable bowel syndrome after enteric infection continue to have symptoms of diarrhea or constipation in the absence of overt inflammation, indicating motility dysfunction. We investigated whether
Smooth muscle sensitization induced by colchicine: is it an in vitro property of antitubulin agents?
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Colchicine 0.1 microgram/ml induces a reversible increase of guinea-pig isolated ileum contractions (50 to 60% of maximal contractions) to acetylcholine, nicotine and PGE2. At 1 microgram/ml, it induces an irreversible increase of similar contractions to acetylcholine and 5-hydroxytryptamine. Low
ONO-1078 antagonizes diarrhea-causing changes in ion transport and smooth muscle contraction induced by peptidoleukotrienes in rat and human colon in vitro.
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Leukotrienes play important roles in inflammatory bowel diseases. Previous studies have revealed the effects of peptidoleukotrienes on smooth muscle contraction and transmucosal ion transport, which may cause hyperactive bowel movement and the loss of electrolytes and water, i.e., diarrhea. The
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