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The effect of nicotinamide on spontaneous and induced activity in smooth and skeletal muscle.

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OBJECTIVE Nicotinamide (NA) is currently undergoing clinical trials as a tumour radiosensitizer. The dose that can be administered is currently 80 mg/kg per day, but this may be restricted to 60 mg/kg per day by the high incidence of nausea and vomiting. To investigate some of NA's underlying

Ayurvedic preparation of Zingiber officinale Roscoe: effects on cardiac and on smooth muscle parameters.

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The rhizome of the Zingiber officinale Roscoe, a biennial herb growing in South Asia, is commonly known as ginger. Ginger is used in clinical disorders, such as constipation, dyspepsia, diarrhoea, nausea and vomiting and its use is also recommended by the traditional medicine for cardiopathy, high

Effects of dexmedetomidine on smooth emergence from anaesthesia in elderly patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery.

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BACKGROUND Intraoperative dexmedetomidine may decrease postoperative emergence agitation in elderly patients due to its sedative effect. In this study, we evaluated the effect of adjuvant dexmedetomidine on smooth emergence from anaesthesia after orthopaedic surgery in elderly patients. METHODS A

Ondansetron: A newer aspect of dose response relationship on ileal smooth muscles of rabbit.

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There are several life threatening deadly diseases in our world but ‘Cancer’ out powers them all in recent years. Chemotherapy may be used on its own or an adjunct to other forms of therapy. Despite the advancement in cytotoxic drug therapy and supportive treatment almost 70% of patient suffer from

Using flight simulators aboard ships: human side effects of an optimal scenario with smooth seas.

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BACKGROUND The U.S. Navy is considering placing flight simulators aboard ships. It is known that certain types of flight simulators can elicit motion adaptation syndrome (MAS), and also that certain types of ship motion can cause MAS. The goal of this study was to determine if using a flight

Effects of menthol on circular smooth muscle of human colon: analysis of the mechanism of action.

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Menthol is the major constituent of peppermint oil, an herbal preparation commonly used to treat nausea, spasms during colonoscopy and irritable bowel disease. The mechanism responsible for its spasmolytic action remains unclear. The aims of this study were to investigate the effects induced by

Natriuretic peptide-dependent cGMP signal pathway potentiated the relaxation of gastric smooth muscle in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

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A common gastrointestinal complication of diabetes is gastroparesis, and patients with gastroparesis may present with early satiety, nausea, vomiting, bloating, postprandial fullness, or upper abdominal pain. However, the pathogenesis is not clear yet. A recent study indicated that atrial

Impaired contractile responses and altered expression and phosphorylation of Ca(2+) sensitization proteins in gastric antrum smooth muscles from ob/ob mice.

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Diabetic gastroparesis is a common complication of diabetes, adversely affecting quality of life with symptoms of abdominal discomfort, nausea, and vomiting. The pathogenesis of this complex disorder is not well understood, involving abnormalities in the extrinsic and enteric nervous systems,

The ethosuximide-induced hyperpolarization of smooth muscle tissues--a cause of functional changes in the gastrointestinal tract of rats--is provoked by CA(2+)-dependent K(+)-efflux.

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Ethosuximide is an antiepileptic drug successfully used in the treatment of petit mal especially in childhood. Clinical investigations reveal that ethosuximide has a number of adverse side effects on the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of patients which may include heaviness, anorexia, pains in the

Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single intravenous dose-escalation study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of the novel coronary smooth muscle cell proliferation inhibitor Biolimus A9 in healthy individuals.

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Biolimus A9 (BA9) is a novel proliferation inhibitor of coronary smooth muscle cells that has been specifically designed for coating drug-eluting stents. The goals of this study were to identify the highest safe intravenous dose of BA9, to evaluate the dose-dependent pharmacokinetics of BA9 after

[Upper abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting in a 63-year-old woman].

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We present a case of myotonic dystrophy type I and its complications including cholangitis and cardiac arrhythmias. The therapy options focus on the consequences of the disease and result in an endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) and implantation of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator

Gastrointestinal factors in nausea and vomiting of pregnancy.

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The objective of this review is to outline gastrointestinal factors that may be relevant to nausea and vomiting of pregnancy. Gastric neuromuscular dysfunctions of the stomach include abnormalities in gastric myoelectrical activity, gastric tone, and contractility, all of which may result in

Postoperative nausea and vomiting in the recovery room. A report from Guyana.

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Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients in the recovery room can delay transfer of such patients to the wards, preventing a smooth inflow of patients into the recovery area. The high incidence of these complications in developed countries has led to the introduction of management

Off-label use of aprepitant for scleroderma-associated nausea and vomiting: A case report.

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Scleroderma is a disease characterized by excessive deposition of collagen and extracellular matrix proteins in affected organ systems, which results in tissue fibrosis and organ dysfunction. It is estimated that 90% of patients with systemic sclerosis have gastrointestinal

Paroxetine: An update of response on intestinal motility.

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OBJECTIVE To find out the possible effects of paroxetine on gastrointestinal smooth muscles in vitro as they can cause severe nausea and vomiting at the start of therapy which later settles down. METHODS Power lab (USA) was used for recording the contractions of ileal smooth muscle of rabbits in

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