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Elevated serum squalene and cholesterol synthesis markers in pregnant obese women with gestational diabetes mellitus.
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We examined serum cholesterol synthesis and absorption markers and their association with neonatal birth weight in obese pregnancies affected by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Pregnant women at risk for GDM (BMI >30 kg/m²) were enrolled from maternity clinics in Finland. GDM was determined
Visceral obesity is associated with high levels of serum squalene.
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OBJECTIVE
To investigate the impact of visceral obesity on cholesterol metabolism in normoglycemic offspring of patients with type 2 diabetes.
METHODS
The proportion of intra-abdominal fat (IAF) was measured by abdominal computer tomography, and serum cholesterol synthesis and absorption markers
Synthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol by liver, adipose tissue and intestinal mucosa from obese and control patients.
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Biopsies of adipose tissue, liver and small bowel mucosa obtained from grossly obese and control subjects were used to study absolute rates of fatty acid, cholesterol, and other nonsaponifiable lipid synthesis using glucose as substrate and 3H2O as the isotopic marker. Fatty acid synthesis in
The distribution of squalene and non-cholesterol sterols in lipoproteins in type 2 diabetes.
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BACKGROUND
Lipoprotein distribution of non-cholesterol sterols was studied to evaluate in which lipoproteins they are carried in type 2 diabetes with body weight ranging from normal to overweight.
METHODS
Serum and lipoprotein squalene and non-cholesterol sterols were quantitated with gas-liquid
Effects of weight reduction on squalene, methyl sterols and cholesterol and on their synthesis in human adipose tissue.
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Quantitation of cholesterol and its precursors from human adipose tissue biopsies revealed very high squalene and moderately high methyl sterol concentrations. The squalene and cholesterol values were correlated with each other. Weight reduction in obese subjects following a jejuno-ileal bypass
Plasma squalene as an index of cholesterol synthesis.
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1. Seven subjects were studied before and after the rate of cholesterol synthesis was altered with drugs or dietary cholesterol. 2. The rate at which plasma free cholesterol was formed from squalene during constant infusions of radioactive mevalonate increased with colestipol treatment, decreased
Protection against Western diet-induced obesity and hepatic steatosis in liver fatty acid-binding protein knockout mice.
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Liver fatty acid-binding protein (L-Fabp) regulates murine hepatic fatty acid trafficking in response to fasting. In this study, we show that L-Fabp(-/-) mice fed a high-fat Western diet for up to 18 weeks are less obese and accumulate less hepatic triglyceride than C57BL/6J controls. Paradoxically,
Influence of squalene feeding on plasma leptin, testosterone & blood pressure in rats.
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OBJECTIVE
Obesity, hyperlipidaemia and hypercholesterolaemia are known risk factors in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Squalene has been shown to reduce serum cholesterol and triglycerides in dogs although its therapeutic use in high BP and obese patients has not been established. This study
Omentin-1 plasma levels and cholesterol metabolism in obese patients with diabetes mellitus type 1: impact of weight reduction.
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BACKGROUND
Omentin-1 is an anti-inflammatory adipokine produced preferentially by visceral adipose tissue. Plasma levels of omentin-1 are decreased in obesity and other insulin-resistant states. Insulin resistance contributes to the changes of cholesterol synthesis and absorption as well. The aim of
Combined effect of astaxanthin and squalene on oxidative stress in vivo.
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Obesity and diabetes, risk factors for metabolic syndrome, are characterized by oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Marine biofunctionals, astaxanthin (Ax) and squalene (SQ), were evaluated for their combined effect. Groups of male KK-A (y) mice were fed high fat/sucrose diet for 4 weeks,
Insulin sensitivity regulates cholesterol metabolism to a greater extent than obesity: lessons from the METSIM Study.
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Cholesterol synthesis is upregulated and absorption downregulated in insulin resistance and in type 2 diabetes. We investigated whether alterations in cholesterol metabolism are observed across the glucose tolerance status, from normoglycemia through impaired glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes, in
Polygala tenuifolia extract inhibits lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and high-fat diet-induced obese mouse model and affects hepatic transcriptome and gut microbiota profiles.
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Obesity, the excessive accumulation of lipids in the body, is closely associated with many prevalent human disorders. Continued efforts to identify plant extracts that exhibit anti-obesity effects have drawn much attention. This study investigated whether a Polygala tenuifolia extract (PTE)
Microarray gene expression analysis of the Fob3b obesity QTL identifies positional candidate gene Sqle and perturbed cholesterol and glycolysis pathways.
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Obesity-related diseases are poised to become the primary cause of death in developed nations. While a number of monogenic causes of obesity have recently been identified, these are responsible for only a small proportion of human cases of obesity. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) studies using animal
Acute effects of weight reduction on cholesterol metabolism in obese type 2 diabetes.
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BACKGROUND
Weight reduction in obese type 2 diabetes increases the absorption efficiency of cholesterol and serum plant sterol levels from baseline. However, there is no information on the effects of acute restriction of calories and lack of dietary cholesterol and plant sterols on serum cholesterol
Obesity Outweighs Protection Conferred by Adjuvanted Influenza Vaccination.
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Obesity is a risk factor for developing severe influenza virus infection, making vaccination of utmost importance for this high-risk population. However, vaccinated obese animals and adults have decreased neutralizing antibody responses. In these studies, we tested the hypothesis that the addition
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