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Plasma amino acids and insulin levels in obesity: response to carbohydrate intake and tryptophan supplements.

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We assessed the plasma amino acids, glucose, and insulin responses of obese and lean control subjects to midafternoon carbohydrate snacks. After a standard 400 kcal lunch, eight lean and nine obese subjects received, at 2PM, a 30 g sucrose snack; blood samples were obtained at hourly intervals until

Serum levels of leptin, zinc and tryptophan in obese subjects with sleep deficits.

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Obesity is an important risk factor for sleep disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the association of leptin, zinc and tryptophan (TRP) in obese subjects with sleep deficits [sleep apnea (SA), insomnia (IN)]. In this cross sectional case control, with the verbal and written consent 206, obese

Tryptophan breakdown is increased in euthymic overweight individuals with bipolar disorder: a preliminary report.

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OBJECTIVE Individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) are disproportionately affected by symptoms of being overweight and metabolic syndrome when compared to the general population. The pertinence of this observation is underscored by observations that excess weight is associated with a more complex

In psychiatrically healthy individuals, overweight women but not men have lower tryptophan levels.

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Gender differences in tryptophan (TRP) breakdown in obese individuals have been previously reported. This could be both contributory to, as well as a consequence of, gender differences in mood changes among obese people. To exclude the potential effect of depression on TRP breakdown and its levels

Tryptophan restriction partially recapitulates the age-dependent effects of total amino acid restriction on energy balance in diet-induced obese rats.

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Moderate dietary protein restriction promotes hyperphagia and thermogenesis; however, little is known of whether these responses are due to restriction of the essential amino acids tryptophan and histidine. Here, we determined whether restriction of tryptophan and histidine alone recapitulate the

Differential role of GPR142 in tryptophan-mediated enhancement of insulin secretion in obese and lean mice.

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Tryptophan is reportedly the most potent agonist for GPR142. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) from pancreatic beta cells are enhanced by GPR142-mediated signal. It is not clear, however, if GPR142-mediated signals is solely attributable to GSIS enhancement after tryptophan load in various

Sex differences in the effect of obesity on human plasma tryptophan/large neutral amino acid ratio.

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BACKGROUND The neurotransmitter serotonin (5-HT) contributes to the regulation of food intake and appetite behavior, and its rate of synthesis depends upon brain tryptophan (TRP) availability in relation to the large neutral amino acids (LNAAs). Thus, the ratio of TRP to the sum of LNAA (TRP/LNAA)

Associations Among Obesity, Inflammation, and Tryptophan Catabolism in Pregnancy.

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To evaluate relationships among obesity in pregnancy and plasma levels of tryptophan (TRP) and kynurenine (KYN), inflammatory markers, and depressed mood. Pregnant women ( N = 374) were enrolled, and data were collected at a mean gestation of 20 weeks in this cross-sectional study. Plasma was

Plasma free tryptophan, brain serotonin, and an endocrine profile of the genetically obese hyperglycemic mouse at 4--5 months of age.

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Genetically obese hyperglycemic mice (ob/ob) were compared with their nonlittermate lean controls at 4-5 months of age with regard to brain serotonin, pituitary ACTH content, and circulating levels of glucose, glucagon, insulin, TSH, T3, T4, total tryptophan and free tryptophan. Brain serotonin

The treatment of obesity by carbohydrate deprivation suppresses plasma tryptophan and its ratio to other large neutral amino acids.

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We measured plasma concentrations of tryptophan (Trp) and the other large neutral amino acids (LNAA) in 6 control and 7 obese subjects before and after they consumed a low-carbohydrate "protein-sparing modified fast" (PSMF) diet; LNAA levels in control subjects were also assessed after supplemental

The anorectic effect of increasing doses of L-tryptophan in obese patients.

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Serotonin (5-HT) synthesis in neurons is initiated by hydroxylation of the essential amino acid tryptophan. Treatments that raise the level of tryptophan in the brain can rapidly alter the rate at which it is converted to 5-HT. This paper compares the effect of 1, 2 and 3 g L-tryptophan administered

[The effect of tryptophan on the regulation of food intake in normal and overweight persons].

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The neurotransmitter serotonin significantly contributes to the regulation of food intake and appetite behaviour. The cerebral serotonin synthesis depends on the availability of the precursor tryptophan. To examine how diets with different carbohydrate, protein and tryptophan content affect food

Protein intake regulation in adult obese (ob/ob) and lean mice: effects of nonprotein energy source and of supplemental tryptophan.

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Adult obese (ob/ob) and lean mice were allowed to self-select between diets varying in level of protein and carbohydrate, or protein and fat. Obese and lean mice self-selected 29% and 26% of their energy, respectively, from protein when fed diets varying in protein and carbohydrate. Intake of

S-tryptophan concentrations after intestinal bypass in extreme obesity.

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Treatment of extreme obesity with jejunoileostomy was followed by a decreased level of S-tryptophan; permanently low concentrations were recorded postoperatively in 29 out of 52 patients. Patients in the low tryptophan group had a higher rate of weight loss and a hgiehr incidecnce of electrolyte

Effects of intragastric tryptophan on acute changes in the plasma tryptophan/large neutral amino acids ratio and relationship with subsequent energy intake in lean and obese men

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Circulating tryptophan/large neutral amino acids (tryptophan/LNAA) ratio, an indicator of brain serotonin levels, may be important in appetite regulation, together with gastrointestinal (gastric emptying, plasma cholecystokinin) mechanisms. We have compared effects of intragastric tryptophan ('Trp')

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