5-Fluorouracil attenuates an oncostatic effect of melatonin on estrogen-sensitive human breast cancer cells (MCF7).

The pineal hormone, melatonin, has been reported to have an inhibitory effect on the cell growth of human breast cancer. We have now assessed the interaction of melatonin with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on estrogen-sensitive MCF7 and estrogen-insensitive HBC4 cell lines. Melatonin inhibited MCF7 cell growth dose-dependently, reaching a maximum inhibition of growth of 39% that of control at a concentration of 0.3 nM (this is about equivalent to the physiological concentration of melatonin secreted at 0200 h in humans). 5-FU also demonstrated an inhibitory effect on MCF7 cell growth and a maximal inhibition of growth by 24% was acquired at a concentration of 500 ng/ml. By contrast, the inhibitory effect of melatonin was reduced by the co-administration of 5-FU, independently of 5-FU concentration. Melatonin and/or 5-FU exhibited no effect on HBC4 cells. This preliminary study indicates that 5-FU should be handled with care for treatment of estrogen sensitive-breast cancer.